Tissues Flashcards
What are the 4 primary tissues?
Epithelium
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
Why are muscle cell elongated and generally arranged in bundles?
Muscle cells are elongated and arranged in parallel bundles that correspond to the direction of contraction
What structural features give nerve cells their geometric shape?
The soma of the cell body which has dendrites which transmits signals
What is the main function of individual nerve cells?
Generation of nerve impulses and conduction of nerve signal
Which cells secrete fibres and extracellular matrix components of connective tissue?
Fibroblasts
Describe merocrine (eccrine) exocrine glands
Releases secretion by exocytosis as secretory vesicles are released from Golgi complex
Ex. sweat glands
Describe apocrine exocrine glands
Secretes product by budding off from the secreting cell
Ex. mammary gland
Describe holocrine exocrine glands
The mature cell dies and becomes secretory product
Ex. sebaceous gland
In which primary tissue is the basement membrane found?
Epithelium
Basement membrane supports the structure underneath the tissue
Describe absorptive epithelium
Simple epithelium - lining of body cavities
What are some functions of epithelium?
Secretory, protective and absorptive
What epithelium surface specialisation assists in absorption?
Microvilli
What epithelium surface specialisation that assists in the movement of intraluminal substances?
Cilia
What is meant by pseudostratified epithelium?
Only has a singe layer of epithelium cells but can look like stratified in manner
What are the 3 types of connective tissue?
Loose
Dense irregular
Dense regular
Where can dense regular CT be found?
Muscle tendon/ ligament
Where can dense irregular CT be found?
Dermis of skin/ fibrous capsules of joints
Where can loose CT be found?
Around organs and blood vessels
What is the difference between the arrangement of collagen fibres in dense irregular and regular CT?
Irregular the fibres run in all directions
Regular the fibres are packed very closely together and run in the same direction
What is the function of adipose tissue?
Insulation and around organs for protection
What is adipose tissue?
Is loose CT
White fat mainly in adults and brown fat mainly in foetal
Found under skin, between internal organs and in inner cavities of bones
Name the 3 types of fibres found in the extracellular matric of the connective tissue
Collagen
Elastic
Reticular
Name 3 types of cells found in loose connective tissue that migrated to it from bloodstream
Fibroblasts
Macrophages
WBCs - mast cells
What are the 2 main components that make up the extracellular matric of connective tissue?
Collagen/elastic/reticular fibres
Ground substance - jelly like carbohydrate linked to protein
What is the name of cancer that results from uncontrolled proliferation of epithelium cells?
Carcinomas
What is the name of the cancer that results from uncontrolled proliferation of connective tissue cells?
Sarcoma
