Tissues

Question 1

What are the 4 primary tissues?

Answer 1

Epithelium
Connective
Muscle
Nerve

Question 2

Why are muscle cell elongated and generally arranged in bundles?

Answer 2

Muscle cells are elongated and arranged in parallel bundles that correspond to the direction of contraction

Question 3

What structural features give nerve cells their geometric shape?

Answer 3

The soma of the cell body which has dendrites which transmits signals

Question 4

What is the main function of individual nerve cells?

Answer 4

Generation of nerve impulses and conduction of nerve signal

Question 5

Which cells secrete fibres and extracellular matrix components of connective tissue?

Answer 5

Fibroblasts

Question 6

Describe merocrine (eccrine) exocrine glands

Answer 6

Releases secretion by exocytosis as secretory vesicles are released from Golgi complex
Ex. sweat glands

Question 7

Describe apocrine exocrine glands

Answer 7

Secretes product by budding off from the secreting cell
Ex. mammary gland

Question 8

Describe holocrine exocrine glands

Answer 8

The mature cell dies and becomes secretory product
Ex. sebaceous gland

Question 9

In which primary tissue is the basement membrane found?

Answer 9

Epithelium
Basement membrane supports the structure underneath the tissue

Question 10

Describe absorptive epithelium

Answer 10

Simple epithelium - lining of body cavities

Question 11

What are some functions of epithelium?

Answer 11

Secretory, protective and absorptive

Question 12

What epithelium surface specialisation assists in absorption?

Answer 12

Microvilli

Question 13

What epithelium surface specialisation that assists in the movement of intraluminal substances?

Answer 13

Cilia

Question 14

What is meant by pseudostratified epithelium?

Answer 14

Only has a singe layer of epithelium cells but can look like stratified in manner

Question 15

What are the 3 types of connective tissue?

Answer 15

Loose
Dense irregular
Dense regular

Question 16

Where can dense regular CT be found?

Answer 16

Muscle tendon/ ligament

Question 17

Where can dense irregular CT be found?

Answer 17

Dermis of skin/ fibrous capsules of joints

Question 18

Where can loose CT be found?

Answer 18

Around organs and blood vessels

Question 19

What is the difference between the arrangement of collagen fibres in dense irregular and regular CT?

Answer 19

Irregular the fibres run in all directions
Regular the fibres are packed very closely together and run in the same direction

Question 20

What is the function of adipose tissue?

Answer 20

Insulation and around organs for protection

Question 21

What is adipose tissue?

Answer 21

Is loose CT
White fat mainly in adults and brown fat mainly in foetal
Found under skin, between internal organs and in inner cavities of bones

Question 22

Name the 3 types of fibres found in the extracellular matric of the connective tissue

Answer 22

Collagen
Elastic
Reticular

Question 23

Name 3 types of cells found in loose connective tissue that migrated to it from bloodstream

Answer 23

Fibroblasts
Macrophages
WBCs - mast cells

Question 24

What are the 2 main components that make up the extracellular matric of connective tissue?

Answer 24

Collagen/elastic/reticular fibres
Ground substance - jelly like carbohydrate linked to protein

Question 25

What is the name of cancer that results from uncontrolled proliferation of epithelium cells?

Answer 25

Carcinomas

Question 26

What is the name of the cancer that results from uncontrolled proliferation of connective tissue cells?

Answer 26

Sarcoma