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Anatomy > Tissues > Flashcards

Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four major types of tissues?

A

Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous

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2
Q

What do Epithelial tissues do?

A
  • cover organs, and lines hollow organs
  • forms the inner linings of body cavities
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3
Q

What do connective tissues do?

A
  • provide support + protection
  • can repair tissue damage
  • work as frameworks
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4
Q

What are the types of Connective Tissue Fibers?

A

Ligaments, tendons, Elastic fibers, and reticular fibers

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5
Q

What do ligaments do?

A

connect bones to bones

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6
Q

What do tendons do?

A

connect muscle to bone

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7
Q

What do elastic fibers do?

A

provides support to other bones, found in arteries and lungs

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8
Q

What do reticular fibers do?

A

surronds and supports organs, mesh like pattern of tissue

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9
Q

What do muscle tissues do?

A

produce movement of the body parts

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10
Q

What do nervous tissues do?

A

coordinating and controlling many body activities, found in brain and spinal cord

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11
Q

What is the integemntary system?

A

the skin

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12
Q

What are the functions of the skin?

A
  • Provides protective covering
  • Helps regulate body temp
  • Prevents excessive water loss
  • Houses sensory receptors
  • Excretes waste
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13
Q

What are the two layers of the skin?

A

Dermis and Epidermis

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14
Q

What is the epidermis?

A
  • The outer layer of the skin.
  • Lacks blood vessels
  • The further towards the surface a cell gets the older it is
  • The older outer cells harden in a process called keratinization
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15
Q

What is keratinization?

A
  • Cytoplasm of the cell hardens and fills with water tight keratin
  • Results in many layers of tightly packed dead cells
  • This layer is called the stratum corneum
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16
Q

What is melanin?

A
  • Produced by cells located in the Epidermis called Melanocytes
  • Melanin is a dark pigment that provides skin color
  • Absorbs ultraviolet radiation to prevent mutations in DNA of skin cells
17
Q

What is the dermis?

A
  • Binds the epidermis to the underlying tissues
  • Largely made up of dense connective tissue
  • Contain blood vessels that provide nutrients to all skin cells
  • Contains hair follicles, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands
18
Q

What are the accessory structures of the skin?

A
  • Nails
  • Hair Follicles
  • Sweat Glands
19
Q

Nails

A
  • Protective coverings of the ends of the fingers and toes
    Consists of:
  • A nail plate: the nail itself
  • A nail bed: the skin under the nail
  • Lunula: The white semicircle at the base of your nail (the newest hair cells)
20
Q

Hair follicles

A
  • A group of epidermal cells at the base of a tubelike depression
  • Nourished by dermal blood flow
  • Older cells get pushed further and further out until they are keratinized
21
Q

What is the Arrector Pili Muscle?

A

A small muscle fiber responsible for making the hair stand straight up when cold or upset.

22
Q

Sebaceous Glands

A
  • Glands that are typically associated with hair follicles
  • They secrete an oily mixture of fatty material and cellular debris called sebum
  • Sebum is secreted through small ducts into the hair follicles
  • Keeps skin soft and waterproof ( AKA the oils in our hair)
23
Q

types of Sweat glands

A

Eccrine and Apocrine

24
Q

Eccrine Glands

A
  • Respond to temperature changes due to weather or physical activity
  • Most are found on the neck, back, and forehead
  • Produce sweat
  • Ducts open straight to the skin aka pours
25
Q

Apocrine Glands

A
  • Become active during puberty
  • Release sweat when someone is upset, frightened, in pain, or sexually aroused
  • Most numerous in the armpit and groin
  • Ducts open into hair follicles
  • Their secretions develop a scent as they are metabolized by skin bacteria
  • Release a thicker more concentrated sweat

Anatomy (5 decks)

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