Tissues Flashcards
What tissue comprises most of the kidney tubules and the bronchioles?
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
What tissue comprises most glandular tissues?
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
What are the functions of simple cuboidal epithelium?
-Absorption & Secretion
-Production of protective mucus coat
-Movement of respiratory mucus
What tissue comprises the air sacs (alveoli) of the lungs, glomerular capsules of the kidneys, and some kidney tubules?
Simple Squamous Epithelium
What tissue comprises the inner lining (endothelium) of the heart, blood vessels, and the surface mesothelium of pleura, pericardium, peritoneum, & mesenteries?
Simple Squamous Epithelium
What tissue comprises the serous membrane of the stomach, intestines, and some other viscera?
Simple Squamous Epithelium
What are the two functions of simple squamous epithelium?
-Rapid diffusion of substances through membrane
-Secretes lubricating serous fluid
What tissue comprises the inner lining of stomach, intestines, gallbladder, uterus, uterine tubes, and some kidney tubules?
Simple Columnar Epithelium
What are the three functions of simple columnar epithelium?
-Absorption
-Secretion of mucus and other products
-Movement of egg and embryo in uterine tube
What is the function of pseudostratified columnar epithelium?
Secretes & propels mucus
What are the two locations for pseudostratified columnar epithelium?
-Respiratory tract from nasal cavity to bronchi
-Portions of male urethra
Where is stratified squamous epithelium - keratinized found?
Epidermis
What are the two functions of stratified squamous epithelium - keratinized tissue?
-Resists abrasion & penetration by pathogenic organisms
-Retards water loss through skin
What are the five locations of stratified squamous epithelium - Nonkeratinized?
-Tongue
-Vagina
-Anal canal
-Esophagus
-Oral Mucosa
What is the function of stratified squamous epithelium - nonkeratinized?
Resists abrasion and penetration by pathogenic organisms.
What are the three locations of stratified cuboidal epithelium?
-Sweat gland ducts
-Egg producing vesicles (follicles) of ovaries
-Sperm-producing ducts (seminiferous tubules) of testes
What are the three functions of stratified cuboidal epithelium?
-Contributes to sweat secretion
-Secretes ovarian hormones
-Produces sperm
What four locations is urothelium found at?
-Urinary tract - Part of kidney
-Ureter
-Bladder
-Part of urethra
What are the two functions of urothelium?
-Stretches to allow filling of urinary tract
-protects underlying tissues from osmotic damage by urine
What tissue underlies nearly all epithelia?
Areolar Tissue
What tissue surrounds blood vessels, nerves, esophagus, & trachea?
Areolar Tissue
What tissue is found in the fascia between muscles, the visceral layers of the pericardium & pleura, as well as the mesenteries?
Areolar Tissue
What four location can reticular tissue be found at?
-Lymph Nodes
-Spleen
-Thymus
-Bone Marrow
What is the function of reticular tissue?
Forms supportive stroma (framework) for lymphatic organs
What are the two locations for dense regular connective tissue?
-Tendons
-Ligaments
What are the two functions of dense regular connective tissue?
-Ligaments tightly bind bones together & resist stress
-Tendons attach muscle to bone and transfer muscular tension to bones
What are the three locations of dense irregular connective tissue?
-Deeper portion of Dermis of skin
-Capsules around viscera such as liver, kidney, spleen
-Fibrous sheaths around cartilages of bones
What are the two functions of dense irregular connective tissue?
-Withstands stress applied in unpredictable directions
-imparts durability to tissues
What three locations can adipose tissue be found at?
-Subcutaneous fat beneath skin, breast, and heart surface
-Mesenteries
-Surrounding organs such as kidneys and eyes
What are the five functions of adipose tissue?
-Energy storage
-Thermal insulation
-Heat production by brown fat
-Protective cushion for some organs
-Filling space, shaping body
What are the two location of elastic cartilage?
-External ear
-Epiglottis
What are the two functions of elastic cartilage?
-Provides flexibility
-Elastic support
What is the only location of cardiac muscle?
Heart
What is the function of cardiac muscle?
Pumping of blood
Is cardiac muscle under involuntary control or voluntary control?
Involuntary control
What are the four locations of nervous tissue?
-Brain
-Spinal Cord
-Nerves
-Ganglia
What is the function of nervous tissue?
Internal Communication
What is the location of bone tissue?
Skeleton
What are the four functions of bone tissue?
-Physical Support of body
-Leverage for muscle action
-Protective enclosure of viscera
-Reservoir of calcium and phosphorus
Where is blood tissue found?
Contained in heart & blood vessels
What is one of the main functions of blood tissue?
Transports gases, nutrients, wastes, chemical signals, & heat throughout the body
What are three important functions of blood tissue?
-Provides defensive leukocytes
-Contains clotting agents to minimize bleeding
-Has platelets that secrete growth factors that promote tissue maintenance & repair
What tissue is often a transitional tissue between dense connective tissue & hyaline cartilage (ex. at some tendon-bone junctions)?
Fibrocartilage
What is the main function of fibrocartilage?
Resists compression and absorbs shock in some joints
What are the four locations fibrocartilage can be found at?
-Pubic Symphysis (anterior joint between halves of pelvic girdle)
-Intervertebral discs (separate the bones of the vertebral column)
-Menisci (pads of shock-absorbing cartilage in knee joint)
-At points where tendons insert on bones near articular hyaline cartilage
What tissue encircles the lips, eyelids, urethra, and anus?
Skeletal Muscle
What tissue comprises the skeletal muscles but can also be found in the tongue and esophagus?
Skeletal Muscle
Is skeletal muscle under involuntary control or voluntary control?
Voluntary control
What tissue is responsible for body movements, facial expression, posture, and breathing?
Skeletal Muscle
What tissue is responsible for speech production, swallowing, control of urination and defecation, as well as assistance in childbirth?
Skeletal Muscle
What are the three locations of smooth muscle?
-Usually found as sheets of tissue in walls of blood vessels and viscera such as the digestive tract
-Iris and associated hair follicles
-Involuntary sphincters of urethra and anus
Is smooth muscle voluntary or involuntary?
Involuntary
Which tissue is responsible for swallowing, contractions of stomach, expulsion of feces & urine, and labor contractions?
Smooth Muscle
What tissue controls blood pressure & flow, has control of respiratory airflow, control of pupillary diameter, and erection of hairs
Smooth Muscle
What are the five locations of hyaline cartilage?
-A thin articular cartilage, lacking perichondrium, over the ends of bones at moveable joints
-Supportive rings and plates around trachea and bronchi
-A boxlike enclosure around the larynx
-Much of the fetal skeleton
-A costal cartilage attaches the end of a rib to the breast bone
What are the five functions of hyaline cartilage?
-Eases joint movements
-Holds airway open during respiration
-Moves vocal cords during speech
-A precursor of bone in the fetal skeleton
-Growth zones of long bones in children
