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Anatomy & Physiology Review > Tissues > Flashcards

Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

What tissue comprises most of the kidney tubules and the bronchioles?

A

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

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2
Q

What tissue comprises most glandular tissues?

A

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

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3
Q

What are the functions of simple cuboidal epithelium?

A

-Absorption & Secretion
-Production of protective mucus coat
-Movement of respiratory mucus

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4
Q

What tissue comprises the air sacs (alveoli) of the lungs, glomerular capsules of the kidneys, and some kidney tubules?

A

Simple Squamous Epithelium

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5
Q

What tissue comprises the inner lining (endothelium) of the heart, blood vessels, and the surface mesothelium of pleura, pericardium, peritoneum, & mesenteries?

A

Simple Squamous Epithelium

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6
Q

What tissue comprises the serous membrane of the stomach, intestines, and some other viscera?

A

Simple Squamous Epithelium

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7
Q

What are the two functions of simple squamous epithelium?

A

-Rapid diffusion of substances through membrane
-Secretes lubricating serous fluid

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8
Q

What tissue comprises the inner lining of stomach, intestines, gallbladder, uterus, uterine tubes, and some kidney tubules?

A

Simple Columnar Epithelium

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9
Q

What are the three functions of simple columnar epithelium?

A

-Absorption
-Secretion of mucus and other products
-Movement of egg and embryo in uterine tube

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10
Q

What is the function of pseudostratified columnar epithelium?

A

Secretes & propels mucus

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11
Q

What are the two locations for pseudostratified columnar epithelium?

A

-Respiratory tract from nasal cavity to bronchi
-Portions of male urethra

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12
Q

Where is stratified squamous epithelium - keratinized found?

A

Epidermis

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13
Q

What are the two functions of stratified squamous epithelium - keratinized tissue?

A

-Resists abrasion & penetration by pathogenic organisms
-Retards water loss through skin

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14
Q

What are the five locations of stratified squamous epithelium - Nonkeratinized?

A

-Tongue
-Vagina
-Anal canal
-Esophagus
-Oral Mucosa

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15
Q

What is the function of stratified squamous epithelium - nonkeratinized?

A

Resists abrasion and penetration by pathogenic organisms.

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16
Q

What are the three locations of stratified cuboidal epithelium?

A

-Sweat gland ducts
-Egg producing vesicles (follicles) of ovaries
-Sperm-producing ducts (seminiferous tubules) of testes

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17
Q

What are the three functions of stratified cuboidal epithelium?

A

-Contributes to sweat secretion
-Secretes ovarian hormones
-Produces sperm

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18
Q

What four locations is urothelium found at?

A

-Urinary tract - Part of kidney
-Ureter
-Bladder
-Part of urethra

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19
Q

What are the two functions of urothelium?

A

-Stretches to allow filling of urinary tract
-protects underlying tissues from osmotic damage by urine

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20
Q

What tissue underlies nearly all epithelia?

A

Areolar Tissue

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21
Q

What tissue surrounds blood vessels, nerves, esophagus, & trachea?

A

Areolar Tissue

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22
Q

What tissue is found in the fascia between muscles, the visceral layers of the pericardium & pleura, as well as the mesenteries?

A

Areolar Tissue

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23
Q

What four location can reticular tissue be found at?

A

-Lymph Nodes
-Spleen
-Thymus
-Bone Marrow

24
Q

What is the function of reticular tissue?

A

Forms supportive stroma (framework) for lymphatic organs

25
Q

What are the two locations for dense regular connective tissue?

A

-Tendons
-Ligaments

26
Q

What are the two functions of dense regular connective tissue?

A

-Ligaments tightly bind bones together & resist stress
-Tendons attach muscle to bone and transfer muscular tension to bones

27
Q

What are the three locations of dense irregular connective tissue?

A

-Deeper portion of Dermis of skin
-Capsules around viscera such as liver, kidney, spleen
-Fibrous sheaths around cartilages of bones

28
Q

What are the two functions of dense irregular connective tissue?

A

-Withstands stress applied in unpredictable directions
-imparts durability to tissues

29
Q

What three locations can adipose tissue be found at?

A

-Subcutaneous fat beneath skin, breast, and heart surface
-Mesenteries
-Surrounding organs such as kidneys and eyes

30
Q

What are the five functions of adipose tissue?

A

-Energy storage
-Thermal insulation
-Heat production by brown fat
-Protective cushion for some organs
-Filling space, shaping body

31
Q

What are the two location of elastic cartilage?

A

-External ear
-Epiglottis

32
Q

What are the two functions of elastic cartilage?

A

-Provides flexibility
-Elastic support

33
Q

What is the only location of cardiac muscle?

A

Heart

34
Q

What is the function of cardiac muscle?

A

Pumping of blood

35
Q

Is cardiac muscle under involuntary control or voluntary control?

A

Involuntary control

36
Q

What are the four locations of nervous tissue?

A

-Brain
-Spinal Cord
-Nerves
-Ganglia

37
Q

What is the function of nervous tissue?

A

Internal Communication

38
Q

What is the location of bone tissue?

A

Skeleton

39
Q

What are the four functions of bone tissue?

A

-Physical Support of body
-Leverage for muscle action
-Protective enclosure of viscera
-Reservoir of calcium and phosphorus

40
Q

Where is blood tissue found?

A

Contained in heart & blood vessels

41
Q

What is one of the main functions of blood tissue?

A

Transports gases, nutrients, wastes, chemical signals, & heat throughout the body

42
Q

What are three important functions of blood tissue?

A

-Provides defensive leukocytes
-Contains clotting agents to minimize bleeding
-Has platelets that secrete growth factors that promote tissue maintenance & repair

43
Q

What tissue is often a transitional tissue between dense connective tissue & hyaline cartilage (ex. at some tendon-bone junctions)?

A

Fibrocartilage

44
Q

What is the main function of fibrocartilage?

A

Resists compression and absorbs shock in some joints

45
Q

What are the four locations fibrocartilage can be found at?

A

-Pubic Symphysis (anterior joint between halves of pelvic girdle)
-Intervertebral discs (separate the bones of the vertebral column)
-Menisci (pads of shock-absorbing cartilage in knee joint)
-At points where tendons insert on bones near articular hyaline cartilage

46
Q

What tissue encircles the lips, eyelids, urethra, and anus?

A

Skeletal Muscle

47
Q

What tissue comprises the skeletal muscles but can also be found in the tongue and esophagus?

A

Skeletal Muscle

48
Q

Is skeletal muscle under involuntary control or voluntary control?

A

Voluntary control

49
Q

What tissue is responsible for body movements, facial expression, posture, and breathing?

A

Skeletal Muscle

50
Q

What tissue is responsible for speech production, swallowing, control of urination and defecation, as well as assistance in childbirth?

A

Skeletal Muscle

51
Q

What are the three locations of smooth muscle?

A

-Usually found as sheets of tissue in walls of blood vessels and viscera such as the digestive tract
-Iris and associated hair follicles
-Involuntary sphincters of urethra and anus

52
Q

Is smooth muscle voluntary or involuntary?

A

Involuntary

53
Q

Which tissue is responsible for swallowing, contractions of stomach, expulsion of feces & urine, and labor contractions?

A

Smooth Muscle

54
Q

What tissue controls blood pressure & flow, has control of respiratory airflow, control of pupillary diameter, and erection of hairs

A

Smooth Muscle

55
Q

What are the five locations of hyaline cartilage?

A

-A thin articular cartilage, lacking perichondrium, over the ends of bones at moveable joints
-Supportive rings and plates around trachea and bronchi
-A boxlike enclosure around the larynx
-Much of the fetal skeleton
-A costal cartilage attaches the end of a rib to the breast bone

56
Q

What are the five functions of hyaline cartilage?

A

-Eases joint movements
-Holds airway open during respiration
-Moves vocal cords during speech
-A precursor of bone in the fetal skeleton
-Growth zones of long bones in children

Anatomy & Physiology Review (4 decks)

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