Tissues Flashcards
What are the four types of tissue?
Muscle, nervous, epithelial, connective
Where is epithelial tissue located?
external surfaces, internal cavities, passageways
What is the function of epithelial tissue?
- provide physical protection
- control permeability
- provide sensation
- specialized secretions
What are the three main types of epithelial tissue?
squamous, columnar, cuboidal (can be simple or stratified)
what are exocrine glands?
glands that secrete substances onto an epithelial surface by way of a duct (sweat, salivary, mucus)
merocrine secretion
released by exocytosis from secretory vesicle
apocrine secretion
released by shedding apical part of cell
Holocrene secretion
released by the cell bursting and releasing the entire cell contents
What is connective tissue?
presence of extracellular protein fibres and cells suspended within ground substance
What are the three kinds of connective tissue?
proper (loose and dense), fluid (blood and lymph), supporting (cartilage and bone)
What is the function of connective tissue? (6)
structural framework, transport fluids, protect delicate organs, support and interconnect with other tissue types. store energy, defend from microorganisms
What are the two types of cells in connective tissue?
fixed and wandering
What is a tissue membrane?
more than one type of tissue working together to cover body surfaces (i.e. serous, cutaneous)
What are the components of the cutaneous membrane?
epidermis (stratified squamous epithelium), dermis (connective tissue)
What is fasciae?
layers of connective tissue that supports organs for physical support (works with epithelium but not directly related)
What are the three types of fasciae in order from the cutaneous membrane to the serous membrane?
superficial>deep>subserous
What are the three steps of how your body recovers from injury?
- Injury/exposure to pathogen: mast cells activate histamines
- Inflammation: increased blood flow, increased vascular permeability, pain
- Regeneration: fibroblasts produce a lot of collagen and form a web of fibres (scar tissue)
what is stratified transitional epithelium
Many layers of cells that flatten when stretched (bladder)
What is the basement membrane and where is it located?
The basement membrane is a thin, pliable sheet-like type of extracellular matrix, that provides cell and tissue support and acts as a platform for complex signalling.
The basement membrane sits between epithelial tissues including mesothelium and endothelium, and the underlying connective tissue.
What is reticular tissue?
in the liver, kidney, spleen, lymph nodes, andbone marrow, where it forms a tough, flexible network that providessupport and resists distortion. In reticular tissue, reticular fibers create a complex three-dimensional supporting network known as a stroma
What is adipose tissue?
is found deep to the skin, especially at the flanks, buttocks,and breasts. It also forms a layer that provides padding within the orbit of theeyes, in the abdominopelvic cavity, and around the kidney
What is areolar tissue?
is the least specialized and most commonform of connective tissue proper in adults. It is the generalpacking material in the body
what is the name for a cartilage cell? what does it exist within?
Chondrocytes, lacunae
What is the name for a bone cell?
Osteocyte
What are Merkel cells?
very close to the nerve endings that receive the sensation of touch and may be involved in touch
What is epithelia?
Epithelia are cellular layers of different types that cover exposed surfaces and line internal cavities and passageways. They do not have blood vessels and often contain secretory cells, or gland cells, scattered among the other cell types.
