Tissues

Question 1

What are the four types of tissue?

Answer 1

Muscle, nervous, epithelial, connective

Question 2

Where is epithelial tissue located?

Answer 2

external surfaces, internal cavities, passageways

Question 3

What is the function of epithelial tissue?

Answer 3

• provide physical protection
• control permeability
• provide sensation
• specialized secretions

Question 4

What are the three main types of epithelial tissue?

Answer 4

squamous, columnar, cuboidal (can be simple or stratified)

Question 5

what are exocrine glands?

Answer 5

glands that secrete substances onto an epithelial surface by way of a duct (sweat, salivary, mucus)

Question 6

merocrine secretion

Answer 6

released by exocytosis from secretory vesicle

Question 7

apocrine secretion

Answer 7

released by shedding apical part of cell

Question 8

Holocrene secretion

Answer 8

released by the cell bursting and releasing the entire cell contents

Question 9

What is connective tissue?

Answer 9

presence of extracellular protein fibres and cells suspended within ground substance

Question 10

What are the three kinds of connective tissue?

Answer 10

proper (loose and dense), fluid (blood and lymph), supporting (cartilage and bone)

Question 11

What is the function of connective tissue? (6)

Answer 11

structural framework, transport fluids, protect delicate organs, support and interconnect with other tissue types. store energy, defend from microorganisms

Question 12

What are the two types of cells in connective tissue?

Answer 12

fixed and wandering

Question 13

What is a tissue membrane?

Answer 13

more than one type of tissue working together to cover body surfaces (i.e. serous, cutaneous)

Question 14

What are the components of the cutaneous membrane?

Answer 14

epidermis (stratified squamous epithelium), dermis (connective tissue)

Question 15

What is fasciae?

Answer 15

layers of connective tissue that supports organs for physical support (works with epithelium but not directly related)

Question 16

What are the three types of fasciae in order from the cutaneous membrane to the serous membrane?

Answer 16

superficial>deep>subserous

Question 17

What are the three steps of how your body recovers from injury?

Answer 17

1. Injury/exposure to pathogen: mast cells activate histamines
2. Inflammation: increased blood flow, increased vascular permeability, pain
3. Regeneration: fibroblasts produce a lot of collagen and form a web of fibres (scar tissue)

Question 18

what is stratified transitional epithelium

Answer 18

Many layers of cells that flatten when stretched (bladder)

Question 19

What is the basement membrane and where is it located?

Answer 19

The basement membrane is a thin, pliable sheet-like type of extracellular matrix, that provides cell and tissue support and acts as a platform for complex signalling.

The basement membrane sits between epithelial tissues including mesothelium and endothelium, and the underlying connective tissue.

Question 20

What is reticular tissue?

Answer 20

in the liver, kidney, spleen, lymph nodes, andbone marrow, where it forms a tough, flexible network that providessupport and resists distortion. In reticular tissue, reticular fibers create a complex three-dimensional supporting network known as a stroma

Question 21

What is adipose tissue?

Answer 21

is found deep to the skin, especially at the flanks, buttocks,and breasts. It also forms a layer that provides padding within the orbit of theeyes, in the abdominopelvic cavity, and around the kidney

Question 22

What is areolar tissue?

Answer 22

is the least specialized and most commonform of connective tissue proper in adults. It is the generalpacking material in the body

Question 23

what is the name for a cartilage cell? what does it exist within?

Answer 23

Chondrocytes, lacunae

Question 24

What is the name for a bone cell?

Answer 24

Osteocyte

Question 25

What are Merkel cells?

Answer 25

very close to the nerve endings that receive the sensation of touch and may be involved in touch

Question 26

What is epithelia?

Answer 26

Epithelia are cellular layers of different types that cover exposed surfaces and line internal cavities and passageways. They do not have blood vessels and often contain secretory cells, or gland cells, scattered among the other cell types.