Tissue Types

Question 1

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Answer 1

Single layer of flattened cells, Diffusion of gases, Air sacs of lungs, lining of heart/blood vessels

Question 2

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Answer 2

Single layer of cube-like cells, Secretion and absorption, Kidneys

Question 3

Simple Columnar Epithelium

Answer 3

Single layer of tall cells, Absorption and secretion of mucus by “Goblet Cells” located in tissue, Digestive tract (Stomach to Anal Cavity)

Question 4

Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium

Answer 4

Single layer of cells of differing heights w/ cilia on the surface, secretion and propulsion of mucus by ciliary action, lines the trachea and most of the upper respiratory tract

Question 5

Transitional Epithelium

Answer 5

Transitions from columnar-like to squamous-like from base to end depending on stretch/pressure, stretches easily allowing the urinary system to be flexible, bladder and part of the urethra

Question 6

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Answer 6

Several cell layers, Protects areas subjected to abrasion/friction, Skin esophagus mouth and vagina

Question 7

Skeletal muscle (Shape, Striation, and Nucleus?)

Answer 7

Cells are long, cylindrical, and multinucleated, containing striations (stripes)

Question 8

Cardiac Muscle (Striation? Interconnections?)

Answer 8

Only in the heart, involuntary control, striated but uninucleate with junctions called intercalated discs that act as ionic terminals

Question 9

Smooth Muscle (Shape, Contracts by, Nucleus Number?)

Answer 9

Spindle-shaped visceral muscle found in the walls of hollow organs, contract by protein “nets” covering cell structure, no striations and uninucleate

Question 10

Most Abundant Protein in the Body

Answer 10

Collagen

Question 11

Loose Connective Tissue

Answer 11

Gel-like matrix with all three fiber types, wraps and cushions organs, forms the basement membrane (lamina) of mucus membranes, packages organs and surrounding capillaries

Question 12

Dense White Fibrous Connective Tissue

Answer 12

Made of long collagen fibers, form tendons, ligaments, and aponeuroses

Question 13

Tendons, Ligaments, and Aponeuroses

Answer 13

Tendons - Muscle to Bone
Ligaments - Bone to Bone
Aponeuroses - Muscle to Muscle

Question 14

Hyaline Cartilage

Answer 14

Firm matrix where chondrocytes (cell that makes the matrix) lie in lacunae (little lake), the most abundant cartilage, supports and reinforces, cushioning properties; covers the ends of long bones in joint cavities, forms costal cartilage of the ribs, cartilages of the nose, trachea, and larynx.

Question 15

Bone Tissue

Answer 15

Hard, calcified matrix containing collagen fibers; osteocytes (bone cells) lie in lacunae (little lake), Haversian (central) canal contains blood/lymph vessels and nerves; functions see skeletal system; found in… bones.

Question 16

Adipose Tissue

Answer 16

Closely packed adipocytes (fat cells) have nucleus pushed to the side; provides fuel for cell function, insulates against heat loss, supports and protects organs; under skin, around kidneys and eyeballs, within abdomen, in breasts

Question 17

Blood Tissue

Answer 17

Red blood cells (erythrocytes), White Blood Cells (leukocytes), and platelets (thrombocytes); RBC’s responsible for transport of respiratory gases and nutrients, WBC’s handle immune responses, platelets are responsible for blood clotting

Question 18

Nervous Tissue

Answer 18

Composed of two major cell populations: Neuroglia (nerve glue) - protect support and insulate neurons; Neurons - transit “electrical” signals; located in brain, spinal cord, and nerves