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Anatomy and Physiology > Tissue (LAB) > Flashcards

Tissue (LAB) Flashcards

1
Q

Four main types of tissue in the body:

A

epithelial tissues, connective tissues, muscle, nervous tissue

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2
Q

Tissues of different varieties combined to create

A

organs

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3
Q

Composed of numerous cells that are closely packed together with no space between cells

A

epithelial tissue or epithelium

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4
Q

Epithelium is ____ and must rely on the underlying connective tissue to provide _____ and remove _____.

A

avascular, nutrients, wastes

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5
Q

The basement membrane is found between the ______ and the ______ that lies deep to it. It is composed of a material that helps hold these two tissues together.

A

epithelium, connective tissue

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6
Q

Have a single layer of cells in the tissue, all of which are in contact with basement membrane.

A

simple epithelia

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7
Q

These are generally easy to identify because the nuclei of the cells comprising this tissue are arranged neatly in a single row

A

simple epithelia

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8
Q

More than one layer of cell, only the deepest layer of cells touches the basement membrane.

A

stratified epithelia

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9
Q

Tissues can range in thickness from as few as two to as many as one hundred cell layers

A

stratified epithelia

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10
Q

Have a single layer of cells, but give the false appearance of multiple layers

A

pseudostratified epithelia

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11
Q

Different types of epithelial cells are found in this epithelium and although all of the cells touch basement membrane, not all cells reach the surface of the tissue

A

pseudostratified epithelia

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12
Q

Nuclei of cells appearing at different “levels” giving the appearance of a multi-layered tissue

A

pseudostratified epithelia

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13
Q

Four common shapes of epithelial surface cells

A

squamous cells, cuboidal cells, columnar cells, transitional cells

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14
Q

Flat, scale-like cells that are irregularly shaped polygons when viewed from top, but very flat when viewed from side. “fried egg” appearance

A

squamous

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15
Q

Irregularly-shaped polygons when viewed from the top, but have a “square” appearance when viewed from the side.

A

cuboidal

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16
Q

Cells generally are about the same height as they are wide and the nucleus tends to be towards the center of the cell

A

cuboidal

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17
Q

irregularly-shaped polygons when viewed from top, but are more rectangular shape when viewed from side

A

columnar

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18
Q

Cells are much taller than they are wide and the nucleus tends to be towards the bottom of the cell.

A

columnar

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19
Q

Irregularly round no matter what the view, this cell type is rather uncommon

A

transitional

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20
Q

Lines tiny air sacs of the lungs known as alveoli, separating the blood from the air

A

simple squamous epithelium

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21
Q

This tissue is also found in the kidney structure known as the glomerulus

A

simple squamous epithelium

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22
Q

when found inside of a blood vessel, the simple squamous epithelium is referred to as an

A

endothelium

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23
Q

simple squamous epithelium cover the outside of many of the body organs and lining various body cavities, this tissue is called

A

mesothelium

24
Q

forms ducts of many glands of body

A

simple cuboidal epithelium

25
Q

forms the entire structure of the thyroid gland

A

simple cuboidal epithelium

26
Q

forms most of the tubular system in the kidneys and plays an important role in the formation of urine

A

simple cuboidal epithelium

27
Q

Some simple columnar epithelium may also have additional special features:

A

cilia, microvilli, goblet cells

28
Q

The lining of the digestive system is composed of a variety that includes microvilli and goblet cells

A

simple columnar epithelium

29
Q

The lining of smaller airways contains a _____ that has cilia

A

simple columnar epithelium

30
Q

Most varieties contain cilia and goblet cells

A

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

31
Q

All of the cells in this epithelium touch the basement membrane, but not all reach the upper surface of the tissue

A

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

32
Q

Forms the linings of the large airways, such as the trachea and bronchi

A

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

33
Q

The thickness of the tissue will vary from as few as 10 layers to as many as 100 layers of cells

A

stratified squamous epithelium

34
Q

Forms the epidermis (surface layer) of the skin and mucous membrane; moist entrances to the body such as the mouth, urethra, vaginas, anus

A

stratified squamous epithelium

35
Q

Tissue is composed of several layers of large round cells and is found only lining the urinary bladder and the tubing associated with the bladder

A

transitional epithelium

36
Q

The large round cells flatten out to cover more surfaces as the bladder fills then round up as the bladder empties

A

transitional epithelium

37
Q

This epithelium can withstand stretching without suffering injury

A

transitional epithelium

38
Q

____ are also composed of epithelial tissue.

A

glands

39
Q

____ produces a secretion (a product used outside of the glandular cells)

A

glandular tissue

40
Q

Type of gland that has no duct leading out of the gland to deliver secretion

A

endocrine gland

41
Q

These glands depend on the blood to deliver their secretions

A

endocrine gland

42
Q

____ produce secretions known as hormones

A

endocrine gland

43
Q

_____ have ducts that lead to an epithelia surface to deliver the secretion

A

exocrine gland

44
Q

____ are usually categorized by their method of secretion

A

exocrine gland

45
Q

Exocrine glands are categorized by their method of secretion which is determined by the amount of cellular material that leaves the gland with the secretion:

A

Merocrine glands, apocrine glands, holocrine glands

46
Q

Only the secretion through the duct; no portion of the glandular cell will be found in this secretion, resulting in a secretion with very watery consistency

A

merocrine gland

47
Q

lose a small portion of the cell with the secretion during production; the secretion from this type of gland tends to be slightly more viscous (thicker) in texture; may not be present it humans

A

apocrine gland

48
Q

lose the entire glandular cell with the secretion, generally producing a very viscous secretion; odor

A

holocrine gland

49
Q

Connective tissue is generally found beneath an _____

A

epithelium

50
Q

Connect tissue are often categorized by their texture:

A

soft connect tissue, support connective tissue, fluid connective tissue

51
Q

Also known as connective tissue proper, are very pliable tissue

A

soft connective tissues

52
Q

Connective tissue are more rigid (stiffer) maintaining their shape

A

support connective tissues

53
Q

Connect tissue quite different in structure (liquid) than other types of connective tissue, but has been grouped with the connective tissues because of the job they do in the body

A

fluid connective tissues

54
Q

_____ is composed of fibers and a ground substance

A

matrix

55
Q

The fibers are produced by the connective tissue cells known as ____

A

fibroblasts

56
Q

Three types of connective tissue fibers:

A

collagen fibers, elastic fibers, reticular fibers

57
Q

Three types of ground substance:

A

hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate and proteoglycans, calcium salts

Anatomy and Physiology (9 decks)

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