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Functional Anatomy > Tissue Healing, Scars & Wounds > Flashcards

Tissue Healing, Scars & Wounds Flashcards

1
Q

What is a wound?

A

A disruption of the unity of the skin

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2
Q

Some parts of our body can regenerate after wounds, what are they?

A

Bone, epidermis, epithelium in GI track, liver, peripheral nerve

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3
Q

Factors influencing wound healing ?

A 
Blood supply/type
Heredity
Age
Smoking
Alcohol
Infections
Systematic disease
Diabetes
Nutrition
Pressure of mechanical disruption. (Moveable joint)
Medications
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4
Q

Types of wound healing ?

A

Primary Closure/Intention
Secondary Closure/Intention
Tertiary/Delayed Primary Closure

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5
Q

Primary Closure/Intention

A

Sutures, adhesives, staples-wound edges are clean and little to no tissue loss - Keep Dry

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6
Q

Secondary Closure/Intention

A

Left open to heal via body’s processes, scar formation - KEEP MOIST. (Avulsion/pressure injury).
Wound edges can’t be approximated

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7
Q

Tertiary/Delayed Primary Closure

A

Poor vascular supply, infection, bleeding does not allow for immediate closure.

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8
Q

Phrases of Wound Healing

A

Hemostasis
Inflammatory Stage
Proliferation Phase/Fibroplastic
Remodeling or Maturation

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9
Q

What is happening at the Hemostasis Phase?

A

STOP BLEEDING
Vasoconstriction.
Combination of platelets with collagen forming a cloth.

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10
Q

What is happening at the Inflammation Phase?

A

CLEAN UP AND REMOVAL ANY DEBRIS AND BACTERIAL PRESENT
To prevent infection and optimize the healing.
White blood cells to the rescue as a clean up crew.
Change from vasoconstriction to vasodilation

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11
Q

What is happening at the Proliferation Phase?

A

FILL IN THE DEFECT WITH SCAR TISSUE
Building of the new tissues called “GRANULATION”
Fragile stage of healing need to be protected from trauma/ temperature changes and chemicals.

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12
Q

What is happening at the Maturation Phase?

A

SCAR FORMATION AND INCREASING TISSUE TENSILE STRENGTH.
Increasing tensile strength so it does not open.
From type 3 colleges to type 1

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13
Q

Abnormal scarring happens due to?

A

Excessive collagen production problems?

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14
Q

What is Hypertrophic scar?

A

Are raised and thick but stay within the wound borders.

Occur in early maturation due to an overgrowth of type 3 collagen

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15
Q

What is Keloid scar?

A

Grow outside of the borders of the wound and occur in late maturation due to an overgrowth of type 1 collagen.

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16
Q

How do Pressure Ulcers Happen?

A

Positioning make these variable
Pressure over time combination
Shearing/friction

17
Q

Pressure injuries can relate to what?

A

Pressure, friction, or shear

18
Q

Risk factors related to pressure injuries are?

A 
Immobility, inactivity
Nutrition
Incontinence
Decreased sensation/cognition
Body type
19
Q

What areas of the body are likely to develop pressure injuries?

A

Heels, ischial tuberosities, sacrum, coccyx, greater trochanters, elbows, occiput

20
Q

What are less likely areas that can have pressure injuries ?

A

Ears, vertebral processes, iliac crests, knees, malleoli, toes, tibial crest

21
Q

Pressure injury: Stage I

A

Skin is intact

Sun burn /readiness can be present

22
Q

Pressure injury: Stage II

A

Partial thickness.
A shallow open area without slough/Escher or granulation tissues over a bony prominence.
Dermis is exposed
Can be fluid filled blister

23
Q

Pressure injury: Stage III

A

Full thickness
Deeper open area (into or through the dermis) with granulation tissue over a bony prominence that may contain slough or Escher, undermining or tunneling

24
Q

Pressure injury: Stage IV

A

Deepest type - bone, muscle, tendon, ligament visible in the wound bed, high risk for osteomyelitis

25
Q

Pressure injury: Unstageable

A

Depth obscured by slough or eschatology, an open wound

26
Q

Deep tissue injury ?

A

Intact area of skin that has change in color to purple/maroon and possible change in texture. Can be blood filled blister

27
Q

Which layer of the skin is avascular?

A

The Epidermis

28
Q

What is Slough?

A

Is the result of the build up of dead neutrophils and derbies in the wound.
It is yellowish, brown, stringy material that can be in one area or can cover the whole wound bed.
It can be dry and thick or wet and gooey

29
Q

What is Eschar?

A

Is dead tissue that is typically black or dark brown and dry

Functional Anatomy (7 decks)

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