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MRAT 6050 - Recording Seminar > Time Based Effects > Flashcards

Time Based Effects Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three types of time-based effects processors?

A
  • delay
  • reverb
  • echo
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2
Q

In reverb, what is direct sound?

A

the first sound arriving from a sound source

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3
Q

In reverb, what are early reflections?

A

discrete low order reflections

-single events are heard

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4
Q

In reverb, what is reverberation?

A

multiple diffuse reflections

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5
Q

Which element of the complete reverberant sound field is the best cue to determine the size of a space?

A

early reflections

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6
Q

What are the three reverb parameters?

A
  • pre-delay
  • early reflections
  • reverb time (RT60)/decay time
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7
Q

What are the four types of reverbs?

A
  • ambient/room tone
  • acoustical
  • mechanical
  • electronic/digital
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8
Q

What type of sound does ambient reverb capture?

A

natural sound of where the recording took place

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9
Q

Which type of reverb is expensive and hard to do well?

A

acoustical chambers

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10
Q

How does plate reverb work?

A
  • driver vibrates metal plate suspended by springs
  • transducers on the plate pick up reverb signal
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11
Q

What are 6 characteristics of digital reverb processors?

A
  • very flexible
  • parameter storage and recall
  • automation possibility
  • broad range of costs
  • updateable
  • limited lifespan
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12
Q

What are 5 characteristics of hardware based digital reverb processors?

A
  • analog and/or digital interfacing
  • single or multiple processing engines
  • often internal routing
  • often used with consoles
  • off-unit storage can be cumbersome
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13
Q

What are 3 characteristics of software-based digital reverb processors?

A
  • require adequate computer resources
  • parameters stay within session
  • portability
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14
Q

What is convolution reverb?

A

effects processing based on modeling of an actual space or device

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15
Q

What are the three functions of convolution reverb and how are they related?

A
  • first function is impulse
  • second function is audio
  • resulting function (reverb/tone) is product of mathematical operation applied
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16
Q

What are the six types of processes related to delay and echo?

A
  • delay
  • reverb
  • echo
  • slap
  • doubling
  • modulation
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17
Q

How does acoustic delay work?

A

two mics spaced apart; one close, one far

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18
Q

What is the function for tape delay?

A

delay is a function of the distance between the record and play heads, plus speed

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19
Q

What is the signal flow for tape delay (3 steps)?

A
  • signal sent from aux send
  • tape machine must be in “repro” mode and recording
  • signal from tape machine is returned and blended with original signal
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20
Q

How does analog delay work?

A
  • analog delay line: “bucket brigade” of capacitors (chain)
  • the longer the delay, the lower the frequency response
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21
Q

How does digital delay work?

A
  • samples signal and replays it later
  • frequency response depends on sample rate
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22
Q

What are the 3 main parameters for delay?

A
  • delay time
  • regeneration (feedback)
  • mix
23
Q

What are the 3 parameters for modulated delay?

A
  • rate
  • depth
  • waveform
24
Q

How does multi-tap delay work?

A
  • multiple delays allow for rhythmic repeat patterns
  • delay time and level can be set independently
25
Q

What is pre-delay in reverb?

A

time between the direct sound and the first reflection

26
Q

What is reverb time?

A

time between initial sound and when the reverb level decreases by 60dB

27
Q

What sound does ambient/room tone reverb produce?

A

the sound of the room in which the recording was made

28
Q

How is acoustical reverb made?

A

in chambers

29
Q

What two types of reverb are considered mechanical reverb?

A

springs and plates

30
Q

Which 2 types of reverb have a decelerating decay envelope?

A
  • ambient
  • acoustical
31
Q

Which two types of reverb have more low frequency content than other methods?

A

acoustical and ambient

32
Q

Which 2 reverbs are dependent on room acoustics and mic number, type, and positions?

A

acoustical and ambient

33
Q

What kind of reverb is big and bulky and needs isolated space?

A

plate reverb

34
Q

What 2 types of reverbs are not very flexible?

A

acoustic and ambient

35
Q

What two types of reverb are typically mono in and stereo out?

A

acoustical and ambient

36
Q

What kind of decay envelope does plate reverb have?

A

linear

37
Q

In modulated delay, what is rate?

A

speed of modulation (frequency of low-frequency oscillator)

38
Q

In modulated delay, what is depth?

A

degree of delay time change

39
Q

In modulated delay, what is waveform?

A

pattern of modulation

40
Q

What is tube delay?

A

long tube; sound goes in tube and comes out other end later

41
Q

Which type of reverb has no pre-delay, and therefore a 2D sound?

A

plate reverb

42
Q

In spring reverb, what determines decay time?

A

length of spring

43
Q

What is a good pre-delay for plate reverb?

A

tape delay

44
Q

Which type of reverb’s stereo image has a hole due to no interrelationship between left and right?

A

spring reverb

45
Q

How does convolution reverb work?

A
  • impulse response (IR) of a room is recorded
  • IR is “convolved” with input signal to recreate effect of source signal being played in the same acoustical environment the IR was recorded
46
Q

What kind of reverb has an accelerating decay envelope?

A

spring reverb

47
Q

What kind of reverb is sensitive to vibration and does not handle transients well?

A

spring reverb

48
Q

What kind of reverb requires power, interfacing, and physical space?

A

hardware-based digital reverb

49
Q

What is the process of delay in delay and echo?

A

a single duplication of a signal that is reproduced later in time

50
Q

What is the process of reverb in delay and echo?

A

a cumulative “smear” of delays

51
Q

What is the process of echo in delay and echo?

A

a distinct repetition(s) of a sound event (>125ms)

52
Q

What is the process of slap in delay and echo?

A

a single short delay (80-125ms)

53
Q

What is the process of doubling in delay and echo?

A

a short delay mixed with the original signal to “fatten” the sound (30-80ms)

54
Q

What is the process of modulation in delay and echo?

A

a pattern of change applied to one or more delay parameters

MRAT 6050 - Recording Seminar (7 decks)

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