Tibetan Nepalese Flashcards
Features prominently in Nepalese temples, with multi-roofed structures and wide eaves which are supported by beautifully carved wooden struts. The roof is often topped by triangular spires which enclose an inverted bell while projecting windows are either latticed or grilled. A style of Nepal architecture evolved from the dome-shaped stupa which was used to store sacred relics and became a distinctive feature of Newari architecture. It was adopted across East and Southeast Asia and, over time, blended with the architecture of Chinese towers and pavilions.
Pagoda
The special clay tiles with metal gutter are used in Nepalese architecture structures.
Jhingati
The Kathmandu Valley is also noted for this style of Nepal architecture, an indigenous style that has long been used by the Newari people in building everything from residential housing to chaitya monastery buildings. It is marked by impressive brickwork and wooden carvings, with the architect Arniko influential in its export across Asia.
Newa
The stupa represents Buddha’s death and him achieving a state of true peace. This monument is undecorated and appears bell-shaped.
Stupa of Nirvana
The temple is named after the strongman of Mahabharata, the god of trade and business. Temple is ornate and well kept, has three floors, and was built in 1680.
Bhimsen Temple
The legend says that the stupa was self-created. When the Kathmandu valley was underwater, a big lotus emerged out from it from which rose a shrine. It has a conical spire in 13 diminishing tiers that symbolize the 13 Buddhist heavens with umbrella apex.
Swayambhunath Stupa
A three-story structure (owing to its triple set of roofs) the temple stands upon a towering rectangular base, making it eight or nine stories in all. The structure was first built in the late 16th or early 17th century by King Shiva Simha Malla (r. 1583-1620) in honor of Taleju, the patron goddess of the Malla kings. His successor Lakshminarasimha Malla (r. 1620-41) added copper gilding to what was then a five-tiered structure. Sometime in the latter part of his reign, the building was destroyed by fire but was rebuilt very early in the reign of King Srinivasa Malla (r. 1661-84) with a more simplified three-level roof (perhaps like the design seen today).
Degutale Temple
The main monastery in Gyantse and ringed by mountains on its three sides. In 1436, Pelkhor-tsen (the prince of Gyantse) and Gendun Drup (recognized as the first Dalai Lama) began to build PalchoMonastery and it cost if 10 years to accomplish it. There is a nice coherent title of monastery and stupa because you can see stupa in the monastery and monastery in the stupa. It is the unique monastery where Gelugpa, Sakypa and Kadampa coexist, and you can get a fuller understanding of Tibetan Buddhist culture.
Palcho Monastery
An immense religion and administrative complex in Lhasa, southern Tibet Autonomous Region, southwestern China. It is situated atop Mar-po-ri (Red Mountain), 425 feet (130 meters) above the LhasaRiver valley, and rises dramatically from its rocky base. contains 1,000 rooms including assembly halls, government offices, and temples, 10,000 altars and200,000 statues. Constructed of wood, stones, and mud bricks and fastened together without steel or nails, it covers an area of 41 hectares and is 13stories high. The roofs are covered with gilded bronze tiles that glitter in the sun and can be seen miles away.
Potala Palace
A palace in Patan, with three main courtyards(Mul Chowk, Sundari Chowk, and Keshav Narayan Chowk) and many other structures– residential, temples, and sanctuaries. Most impressive is Mul Chowk – the central courtyard with Bidya Temple in the center.
Mani Keshar Chowk
A spiritual center where Buddhist ideas and beliefs are taught and where one leans to renounce their materialistic and sensual desires and cultivate the right attitude. Usually rectangular or square in plan, it has a central prayer hall furnished with a Buddha statue and benches that nuns or monks use to engage in prayers.
Gompas
Most of the religious buildings in Tibet have ____________, which are only used in palaces, monasteries, and pagodas, and are a symbol of respect, political, and religious power in Tibet.
sloping golden roofs
The largest monastery in Shigatse, the center of religion, politics, and culture in the Tsang region and the seat of Panchen Lama. Occupying an area of 150,000 square meters, the monastery is surrounded by3000-meter-long wall. The whole monastery was constructed against the background of the mountain, facing the sun. There are 58 sutra chapels and about3600 rooms.
Tashilhunpo Monastery
The most important temple in Durbar Square, constructed in 1637. This temple has similarities to temples in Indian Sikharastyle and is adorned with exquisite stone carvings and 21 golden pinnacles. Temple has three floors – first is devoted to Krishna, second – to Shiva, and third – to Lord Buddha.
Krishna Mandir
Style of Nepalese Architecture originating in ancient India and are Buddhist in their concept and execution, designed as a tomb-like structure to house sacred relics. The shape is a representative ofBuddha, with the top of the spire symbolizing his crown, while his head is the square at the spire’s base and his body the hemispherical dome shape. His legs are represented by the four steps on the lower terrace at the base of his throne, while the four sides of the square base (harmika) are often painted with pairs of “all-seeing” eyes. The design is also believed to represent the five Buddhist elements – Earth (the square base), Water (the hemispherical dome), Fire (the conical spire), Air (the upper lotus parasol), Space (the sun and the dissolving point).
Stupa
