thyroid hormone: its regulation and effects Flashcards
what is included in the regulation of thyroid hormone release
hypothalamic - pituitary - thyroid axis
what causes the hypothalamus to release TRH (thyroid releasing hormone)
cold temperature, pregnancy, high altitude, hypoglycemia or low TH (thyroid hormone)
what does TRH causes the anterior pituitary release
TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)
TSH binds receptors of what cells
follicular cells
one TSH binds to receptors of follicular cells what does it trigger the release of
TH (thyroid hormone)
what two forms of TH does the follicular cells release to the blood
T3 and T4
what are T3 and T4 carried by within the blood
carrier molecules
what are the effects of thyroid hormone
cellular transport brings TH into target cells binds receptor
TH increases metabolic rate and protein synthesis in target
fosters energy ATP production
which hormone t3 or t4 is produced the most by the thyroid gland
T4
is T3 or T4 more active
T3
what does TH stimulate
synthesis of sodium potassium pumps in neurons
increased amino acid and glucose uptake
what does calorigenic mean
generates heat, raises temperature
what does TH increase
number of cellular respiration enzymes within the mitochondria
when TH fosters energy ATP production what do the stimulated hepatocytes do
increase blood glucose
when TH fosters energy ATP production what do the stimulated adipose cells do
increase blood glycerol and fatty acids
