cortisol: its regulation and effects Flashcards
what do cortisol and corticosterone do
increase nutrient levels in the blood
what is cortisol and corticosterone regulated by
hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenal axis
what stimulates the hypothalamus to release CRH
stress, late stages of sleep, low levels of cortisol
what does CRH stimulates
anterior pituitary
what does CRH stimulate the anterior pituitary to do
release cortisol and corticosterone
how does cortisol travel through the blood
attached to carrier proteins
what are cortisol levels regulated by
negative feedback
what does cortisol inhibits the release of
inhibits CRH from the hypothalamus and ACTH from anterior pituitary
what does cortisol cause
causes target cells to increase blood nutrient levels
how does cortisol cause target cells to increase blood nutrient levels
liver cells increase glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
adipose cells increase lipolysis and decrease lipogenesis
body cells break down proteins to amino acids
most cells decrease their glucose uptake, sparing it for brain
what type of doses are corticosterone used for
therapeutic doses
what is corticosterone used to treat
inflammation
what are the side effects of high doses of corticosterone
increase risk of infections, cancer
increases retention of sodium and water
inhibits connective tissue repair
