Thyroid Gland Disorders Flashcards
Anti-thyroid peroxidase Ab
Anti-Thyroglobulin Ab
Hashimoto’s
TSH receptor antibody
Grave’s
when do you tx subclinical hypothyroidism (high TSH, nml T4)
TSH >10
sxs
RAIU finding: diffuse uptake
Graves
or TSH secreting pituitary adenoma
RAIU finding: decreased uptake
thyroiditis (Hashimoto’s, etc)
RAIU finding: HOT nodule
toxic adenoma
RAIU finding: COLD finding
rule out malignancy
Cold= Cancer
does hypo or hyperthyroidism cause hyperglycemia? which causes hypoglycemia
hyperthyroidism= hyperglycemia
Hypothyroidism= hypoglycemia
What causes Ophthalmopathy:
Lid lag, _exophthalmos/proptosis**_
Pretibial Myxedema
Graves
tx for Grave’s
- Radioactive iodine
- Methimazole or PTU
- BB (Propanolol)
- Thyroidectomy (if RAI CI, ex: preg)
Is MMI or PTU preferred in preg
PTU- esp. in 1st trimester
side effects of MMI and PTU
agranulocytosis and hepatitis
(Methimazole has less s/e, PTU preferred in preg)
tx for thyroiditis (in general)
Aspirin
(most return to euthyroid state in 12-18mo)
Painful thyroid s/p viral infection
de Quervain’s thyroiditis
what lab finding is hallmark to de Quervain’s thyroiditis
Elevated ESR
(TFTs are usu. hyperthyr)
Tx for de Quervain’s thyroiditis
Aspirin
What 2 meds cause hypothyroidism
LITHIUM
amiodarone
tx for medication induced hypothyroidism
corticosteroids
MCC hypothyroidism in US?
In the world?
US–> Hashimoto’s
World–> Iodine deficiency
What is the MC type of thyroid nodule
follicular adenoma (benign)
What type of thyroid carcinoma is MC
Papillary
(MC after radiation exposure)
Which type of thyroid carcinoma is is MC associated with MEN2
What do they secrete?
Medullary
secretes calcitonin
which type of thyroid carcinoma is the most agressive?
What sxs does it often have?
anaplastic
compressive sxs
Stones, bones, abdominal groans and psychiatric over tones
Decr. DTRs
Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia + Incr. PTH + decr. Phosphate
+ Incr. 24hr urine calcium excretion
+ incr. vit D
primary hyperparathyroidism
Trousseau’s & Chvostek’s signs
Incr. DTRs
hypocalcemia (could be sign of hypoparathyroidism)
Hypocalcemia + Decr. PTH + incr. phosphate
hypoparathyroidism
What is seen on EKG if hypocalcemia
(poss. seen in hypoparathyroidism)
prolonged QT
What is seen on EKG if hypercalcemia
(poss. seen in hyperparathyroidism)
shortened QT
tx for severe hypercalcemia
IV saline–> furosemide
if someone has hypercalcemia related to hyperparathyroidism, what medication is contraindicated
Hydrochlorothiazide
