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MJ- Elective 1 EOR > Reproductive > Flashcards

Reproductive Flashcards

1
Q

MC breast cancer

A

Ductal carcinoma (85%)-

Infiltrating Intraductal Carcinoma (IIC) 80%

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2
Q

USPSTF guidelines for breast cancer screening in women with average risk factors

A

Mammo q2yrs at 50-74y/o

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3
Q

USPSTF guidelines for mammography screening in a woman with increased risk factors

A

q2years from age 40 or 10 yrs prior to primary relative dx

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4
Q

Recommendations for clinical breast exam screening in women with average risk factors

A

Clinical breast exam q3 years in women age 20-39 years then annually after age 40

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5
Q

tx for galactorrhea caused by pituitary adenoma

A

dopamine agonist (lowers prolactin):

bromocriptine

or

cabergoline

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6
Q

tx for gynecomastia caused by hypogonadism

A

danazol

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7
Q

chronic eczematous itchy, scaling rash on the nipples and areola

A

Pagets disease of the breast

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8
Q

which breast cancer is often bilateral

A

Infiltrating lobular

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9
Q

red swollen, warm and itchy breast often with nipple retraction and peau d’orange (NO LUMP)

A

Inflammatory Breast Cancer

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10
Q

tx options for breast cancer

A
  • Lumpectomy + radiation/chemo
  • Anti-estrogen Tamoxifen (ER+)
  • Aromatase inhibitors (postmenopausal ER+)
  • Monoclonal AB treatment (HER2+)
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11
Q

breast cancer prevention in high risk patients

A

SERM: Tamoxifen or Raloxifene can be used in postmenopausal or women > 35 with high risk – treat for 5 years.

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12
Q

what is the most carcinogenic HPV type?

A

16 (causes 55-60% of all cervical cancers)

18 is next MC

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13
Q

which HPV types cause anogenital warts

A

6 and 11

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14
Q

what is a negative about spermicides

A

increased risk of HIV

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15
Q

MC type of endometrial cancer

A

adenocarcinoma

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16
Q

what is a cystocele

A

bladder prolapse into ANTERIOR vagina

17
Q

what is a enterocele

A

Pouch of douglas (small bowel) into the UPPER vagina

18
Q

What is a rectocele

A

rectom herniates into POSTERIOR DISTAL vagina

19
Q

Ovarian cysts less than what size are most likely functional and will spontaneously resolve

A

< 8cm

20
Q

what is the MC type of ovarian cancer

A

90% epithelial

(germ cell seen in patients <30y/o)

21
Q

what lab value do you use to monitor tx of ovarian cancer

A

CA-125

22
Q

What is the MC benign ovarian neoplasm?

tx?

A

Dermoid cystic teratoma

Tx= removal

23
Q

MCC type of vaginal cancer?

If DES exposure in utero?

A

squamous cell

DES exposure= Clear cell

24
Q

What is the MC presentation of vulvar cancer

A

pruritis

25
Q

What is a complication of PID involving the liver

A

Fitz-Hugh Curtis Syndrome (RUQ pain due to perihepatitis or liver capsule involvement)

-“Violin string adhesions” on the anterior liver surface

26
Q

increase of what bacteria is seen in BV

A

Gardnerella vaginalis

27
Q

Thin, watery, Grey-white discharge

A

BV

28
Q

pH of BV vs Trich vs Candida

A

BV= >5

Trich= <5

Candida= nml (3.8-4.2)

29
Q

FROTHY yellow green discharge

A

Trichomoniasis

30
Q

Strawberry cervix

A

Trichomoniasis

31
Q

Tx for trich and BV

A

Metronidazole

32
Q

There is decrease in what bacteria in BV

A

Lactobacilli

(regulates pH- this is why pH is higher in BV)

33
Q

condylomata acuminata vs condyloma lata

A

acuminata= genital warts

lata= seconday syphillis

34
Q

Infertility- when should you check progesterone level?

A

Luteal phase (day 21) progesterone level

if the progesterone level < 3 ng/ml on day 21= no ovulation

35
Q

how much weight should be gained during pregnancy

A

20-35 lbs: average weight women

40-45 lbs: underweight women

10-15 lbs: overweight women

36
Q

What are the 3 stages of delivery

A

First stage: onset of labor–> fully dilated (10 cm)

Second stage: fully dilated–> birth

Third stage: delivery–> delivery of the placenta

37
Q

What measurement on NT indicates trisomy

A

>3.5 mm

MJ- Elective 1 EOR (8 decks)

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