thyroid gland

Question 1

thyroid gland
1. follicular cells produce glycoprotein ___
2. colloid fills lumen of follicles and is precursor of thyroid hormones __ and ___
3. in between the follicle cells are ___ cells which produce the hormone ___

Answer 1

1. thyroglobulin
2. T3 and T4
3. parafollicular, calcitonin

Question 2

thyroid hormones

Answer 2

T3 and T4

Question 3

in the blood, T3 and T4 are transported by
1. 70% __
2. 15% __

Answer 3

1. thyroxine binding globulins (TBGs)
2. albumin

Question 4

T3 is ___ more active than T4

Answer 4

10 times

Question 5

regulation of thyroid hormones occurs by
1. negative feedback on ___
2. negative feedback on ___

Answer 5

1. thyrotropin releasing hormone TRH - hypothalamus
2. thyroid stimulating hormone TSH - anterior pituitary

Question 6

function of thyroid hormone
1. major __ hormone
2. increases __ rate and __ production
3. increases ___ and __ for metabolism
4. essential during ___ growth and ___ of
a. __ and __ systems
b. __ system
5. also involved with maintenance of ___

Answer 6

1. metabolic
2. metabolic rate and heat production
3. blood glucose and fat
4. tissue, development
   a. skeletal and nervous
   b. reproductive
5. blood pressure

Question 7

receptors of thyroid hormones are where

Answer 7

found on most cells (tissues)

Question 8

iodine deficiency (hypothyroidism)
1. affecting __ people worldwide
2. leading preventable cause of ___ disability
3. extreme cases cause ___
a. severely stunted __ and __ growth

Answer 8

1. 2 billion
2. intellectual
3. cretinism
   a. physical and mental

Question 9

hyperthyroidism (Graves disease)
1. ___ generated against the thyroid stimulating hormone receptor
2. activates the __ receptor on the thyroid gland
3. increased __ rate
a. __ loss with increased ___
b. ___ sweating
4. increased __ heart rate
a. __ heart rate
5. hyper excitability
a. __ and irritability
b. ___ muscle contraction

Answer 9

1. antibody
2. TSH
3. metabolic
   a. weight, appetite
   b. increased
4. resting
   a. racing
5. nervousness
   b. involuntary

Question 10

calcitonin
1. produced by ___ cells aka C cells
2. reduces blood __ levels
3. inhibits __ activity and inhibits release of __ from bone matrix (receptors)
4. stimulates __ uptake and incorporation into bone matrix
5. treatment for ___

Answer 10

1. parafollicular
2. calcium
3. osteoclast, calcium
4. calcium
5. osteoporosis