Thyroid Clinical Aspects Flashcards
What is the most common symptom of hypothyroidism?
Bradycardia
What is the most common symptom of hyperthyroidism?
Tachycardia
What four things are tested in thyroid functional tests?
T4, T3, FT3, FT4
What is the most powerful thyroxine releaser and most important in measuring levels of thyroxine?
TSH
Which substances tested for in thyroid functional tests are able to bind directly in the blood?
FT4 and FT3
What hormone secreted by the pituitary gland stimulates the production of T3 and T4?
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
TSH production is influenced by what hormones?
Thyroid hormones
An increase in thyroid hormones has what effect on TSH production?
Inhibition
Increased levels of TSH can be indicative of what thyroid disorder?
Hypothyroidism
If there is too little TSH in the system, what thyroid disorder could be present?
Hyperthyroidism
Raised thyroid antibody concentration in the blood can indicate what hormonal conditions?
Hashimoto’s or Grave’s
Low levels of thyroid antibodies can be indicative of what conditions?
Inflammation, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis
An increase or decrease in thyroxine can lead to what condition?
Toxic goiter
What is goiter?
Enlarged thyroid due to hormonal imbalance
What characteristics can be indicative of goiter?
Decreased iodine, too much or too little thyroid production
Issues with what areas of the brain could be causes of goiter?
Anterior pituitary or hypothalamus (tumor on the thyroid, as well)
Cretinism and myxedema are seem along side what type of thyroid disorder?
Hypothyroidism
At what age can cretinism occur?
Prior to birth or during the first two years
When is myxedema present?
After first two years of hypothyroidism
What kind of disease is chronic-Hashimoto’s thyroditis?
Autoimmune
Which thyroid disorder characteristically has wildly varying levels of thyroxine?
Chronic-Hashimoto’s thyroditis
What are some signs and symptoms of Grave’s disease?
Increased thyroxine Decreased TSH Pretibial myxedema Exopthalmosis Eyelid lag/drooping of eyelid Diffuse toxic goiter
What are the two forms of toxic goiter?
Diffuse (evenly distributed) nodular (unevenly distributed)
What type of disease is Grave’s disease?
Autoimmune
What is the term used for a thyroid crisis when there is too much thyroxine in the system?
Thyroid storm
What procedure is used to analyze enlargement of the thyroid?
Ultrasound
What procedure is used to test for cancer of the thyroid gland?
Needle aspiration
What is the radioactive detector used to detect metabolism of the thyroid?
Scintigrapher
What is the second most common endocrine disorder?
Thyroid disorder
What gender is more likely to develop thyroid issues?
Females (autoimmune factor)
At what age can thyroid issues occur?
At any age
What is Hashimoto’s disease?
Autoimmune inflammatory attack on the thyroid tissue
Blood tests measuring what substance are used to diagnosis Hashimoto’s disease?
Measuring antibodies against thyroglobulin and thryoid peroxidase
What condition can arise following Hashimoto’s disease due to the thyroid’s eventual inability to produce enough thyroxine?
Hypothyroidism
What is the usual age and gender range of Hashimoto’s disease?
Females 30-50 years old