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unit 6: physiology > Thyroid cases (13) > Flashcards

Thyroid cases (13) Flashcards

1
Q

What are three metabolic conditions that can cause goiter?

A
  1. hypothyroidism
  2. hyperthyroidism
  3. euthyroidism
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2
Q

Does hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism produce toxic goiter?

A

hyper

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3
Q

In Primary hyperthyroidism, what are the levels of:

  1. T4, T3
  2. TSH
  3. TRH
A
  1. High
  2. low
  3. low
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4
Q

In secondary hyperthyroidism, what are the levels of:

  1. T4, T3
  2. TSH
  3. TRH
A
  1. high
  2. high
  3. low
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5
Q

What causes graves disease?

A

TSH receptor antibodies

-thyroid stimulating – leads to hypertrophy of thyroid

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6
Q

What are four causes of hyperthyroidism?

A
  1. graves
  2. thyroid neoplasm
  3. exogenous T4, T3
  4. Excess TSH
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7
Q

What are four treatments for hyperthyroidism?

A
  1. PTU
  2. Thyroidectomy
  3. excessive Iodine
  4. B-adrenergic blocking agents - adjunct therapy
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8
Q

What does PTU do?

A

inhibits peroxidase enzyme - and thyroid hormone synthesis

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9
Q

In primary hypothyroidism, what are the levels of:

  1. T4, T3
  2. TSH
  3. TRH
A
  1. Low
  2. High
  3. High
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10
Q

In secondary hypothyroidism, what are the levels of:

  1. T4, T3
  2. TSH
  3. TRH
A
  1. low
  2. low
  3. high
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11
Q

What is hashimotos thyroiditis?

A

antithyroid antibodies which gradually destroy the gland

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12
Q

What is a key common symptom of hashimotos?

A

mixedema - nonpitting edema throughout

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13
Q

What group of people are particularly susceptible to hashimotos?

A

pregnant women - estrogen is really high so TBG binds T4

-decreases free amount

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14
Q

Does iodine increase or decrease synthesis of TG?

A

increase

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15
Q

What are some symptoms of hyperthyroidism?

A
  • warm moist skin
  • high BMR
  • heart palpitations
  • muscle wasting
  • tachycardia
  • heat intolerance
  • tremor
  • changes in hair growth and texture
  • exopthalmus and eyelid retraction
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16
Q

What are symptoms of hypothyroidism?

A
  • low BMR
  • cold intolerance
  • lethargy
  • inc fat deposition
  • hypotension
  • nonpitting edema - mixedema
  • skin changes
  • headache
  • constipation
17
Q

What are five conditions that can cause hypothyroidism?

A
  1. hashimotos
  2. surgery
  3. Iodine deficiency
  4. congenital cretinism
  5. decreased TRH or TSH
18
Q

What is the treatment for hypothyroidism in patients?

A

replacement therapy of thyroid hormones

19
Q

What would be the only explanation for high T4, low TSH, and a small thyroid gland?

A

patient is taking exogenous thyroid extract

unit 6: physiology (13 decks)

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