Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Clinical Laboratory Medicine > Thyroid > Flashcards

Thyroid Flashcards

1
Q

Best initial test of thyroid function…

A

TSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is tightly regulated by serum levels of T3/T4?

A

TSH (inverse relationship)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

FT4 is used to evaluate an abnormal…

A

TSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

is free T4 or total t4 more diagnostically relevant?

A

FT4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

T4 is converted to T3 where

A

liver mostly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which Abs are mostly found in hypothyroidism (hashimoto’s)?

A

TPO Ab
(thyroid peroxidase)

TgAb
(thyroglobulin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which Abs are most often found in hyperthyroidism (Graves)?

A

TRAb

thyrotropic receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

This is a functional study used to evaluate a suppressed TSH/hyperthyroid…

A

radioactive iodine uptake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

This is a non-invasive imaging that can assess structure of thyroid gland tissue

A

US

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

US is helpful in assessing…

A

nodules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

This is the most accurate, reliable, cost-effective test to dx thyroid ca

A

fine needle aspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Decreased TSH

Elevated FT4/T3…

A

Hyperthyroidism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

4 endogenous causes of hyperthyroidism…

A

graves
toxic multinodular goiter
toxic adenoma
thyroiditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Exogenous hyperthyroid ism is…

A

iatrogenic in nature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What type of hyperthyroidism?

Decreased TSH
Increased FT4
Increased T3

A

Graves (Most Common Cause)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What type of hyperthyroidism?

Decreased TSH
Normal FT4/T3

A

Sublinical hyperthyroidism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What type of hyperthyroidism?

Decreased TSH
Normal FT4
Increased T3

A

T3 toxicosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What causes the following result of radioactive iodine uptake…

diffuse high

A

de-novo synth of hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What causes the following result of radioactive iodine uptake…

diffuse low

A

inflammation/destruction

extrathyroid source of hormone (factitious thyrotoxicosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

radioactive iodine uptake in Grave’s disease…

A

diffuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What causes the following result of radioactive iodine uptake…

increased irregular uptake

A

hyperfunctioning “hot” nodules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

are hot nodules usually malignant?

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What causes the following result of radioactive iodine uptake…

decreased irregular uptake

A

hypofunctioning “cold” nodules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Are cold nodules malignant?

A

yes, consider FNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Subacute thyroididits RAI Uptake result...what other tests?
decreased uptake, ESR/CRP
26
Toxic MNG RAI Uptake Result... what other tests?
Irregular, US
27
Toxic adenoma RAI Uptake result... what other tests?
irregular, US
28
exogenous etiology of hyperthyroidism RAI Uptake result... what other tests?
decreased uptake, serum Tg
29
A patient presents w/ hypothyroid sxs and: + TPO Ab, TgAb
primary hypothyroidism (hashimoto thyroiditis)
30
A patient presents w/ hypothyroid sxs and: low TSH and low FT4
Central hypothyroidism
31
Secondary central hypothyroidism is a disease of the...
pituitary
32
tertiary central hypothyroidism is a disease of the...
hypothalamus
33
How do you assess central hypothyroidism?
pituitary MRI
34
What four medications may cause iatrogenic hypothyroidism?
lithium amiodarone iodine drugs contrast agents
35
What would you be suspicious of with the following labs? increased TSH decreased FT4 normal/decreased T3
Primary hypothyroidism (MC hashimotos thyroiditis)
36
What would you be suspicious of with the following labs? increased TSH Normal FT4/T3
subclinical hypothyroidism
37
What would you be suspicious of with the following labs? normal/low TSH subnormal FT4 normal/low T3
central hypothyroidism
38
How do you treat hypothyroidism?
levothyroxine replacement
39
What is dosing based on for levothyroxine?
weight-based
40
When should levothyroxine be taken?
empty stomach 1 hour before breakfast
41
First line test and imaging for thyroid nodule...
TSH and US
42
Is thyroid CA common? Are thyroid nodules common?
CA: no Nodules: yes
43
If a patient has a nodule and subnormal TSH, what is the next step?
RAI uptake scan
44
What test should be ordered if there is a hot nodule?
FT4/T3
45
If hot nodule and sublinical hyperthyroidism, what is the next move?
observe
46
If hot nodule and overt hyperthyroidism, what is the next step?
tx
47
If you have a cold nodule, what is the next step?
FNA
48
If you have a nodule and normal/elevated TSH, what should be done next?
check TPO abs, consider FNA
49
Low TSH/High FT4...
primary hyperthyroidism
50
High TSH/Low FT4...
primary hypothyroidism
51
Low TSH, low FT4, consider...
pituitary MRI
52
tetany, chvostek sign, trousseau sign, prlonged QT are signs of...
hypoPTH
53
The following labs are concerning for... Decreased PTH Decreased Ca Increased Phosphate
hypoPTH
54
Common cause of hypoPTH...
post-surg/irradiation
55
Bones, stones, moans, groans...
primary hyperPTH
56
MC cause of primary hyperPTH...
parathyroid adenoma
57
A patient with the following labs is concerning for... increased PTH increased Ca Decreased PO4
primary hyperPTH
58
how do you treat hypoPTH?
Ca, vit D
59
How do you tx primary hyperPTH?
bisphosphonates, parathyroidectomy
60
A patient with the following labs is concerning for... Increased PTH decreased Ca Incrased PO4
secondary hyperPTH
61
What is the MC cause of secondary hyperPTH?
CKD
62
How do you tx secondary hyperPTH?
renal mgmt
63
nodule protocol...
TSH/US Subnormal TSH = RIU Cold = FNA, Hot = FT4, T3 Hot w/ overt hyper = tx, hot w/ sublinical hyper = observe

Clinical Laboratory Medicine (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions