thyroid

Question 1

thyroid cancer risk factors

Answer 1

radiation as a child

rapid growth of a nodule

horseness (acting like a horse)

vocal cord paralysis

dysphagia

fhx

Question 2

when to biopsy high risk patient

Answer 2

any nodule larger than 5 mm

Question 3

when to biopsy in general

Answer 3

big cervical nodes

microcalcifications

solid hypoechoic nodules > 1-1.5 cm

mixed cystic-solid nodules that >1.5-2 cm if
irregular
microcalcifications
infiltration of surrounding tissue

mixed cystic-solid nodules w/o suspicious US >2cm

spongiform echotexture >2cm

(pure cystic do not get biopsy)

Question 4

if cancer what do you do

Answer 4

cut that thyroid out

Question 5

if not cancer what do you do

Answer 5

monitor every year with US and TSH

if symptomatic cut that thyroid out

Question 6

order of prevalence of thyroid cancer

Answer 6

papillary
follicular
medullary
anaplastic

Question 7

most common causes of hyper thyroid

Answer 7

graves

toxic multinodular goiter

toxic adenoma

most common cause is thyroiditis

Question 8

anti thyroid meds

Answer 8

methimazole

propylthiouracil

Question 9

most common cause of hyper t in the us

Answer 9

graves number 1

toxic multinodular goiter number 2

Question 10

low tsh, high t 3 and 4 with low RAIU

Answer 10

thyroiditis

ectopic thyroid hormone

exogenous thyroid hormone