Thyroid

Question 1

Thyroid axis

Answer 1

Similar to the HPA axis as it contains the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary but with the addition of the thyroid gland

Question 2

TSH

Answer 2

Released from the hypothalamus and is then activated in the AP

Question 3

Colloids

Answer 3

In the thyroid follicle cell, it is a massive lumen space. Precursor for T3 and T4

Question 4

Follicular cells

Answer 4

Responsible for synthesising T3 and T4 hormones

Question 5

Parafollicular cells (C cells)

Answer 5

Adjacent to follicular cells, responsible for the secretion of other hormones called calcitonin.

Question 6

Calcitonin

Answer 6

A hormone that regulates calcium levels in the body

Question 7

Thyroglobulin

Answer 7

A protein made by the thyroid gland to make triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4)

Question 8

Thyroxine (T4) is the

Answer 8

major product

Question 9

T3 hormone is the

Answer 9

active form of the hormone

Question 10

The thyroid hormones are synthesised from

Answer 10

tyrosine, which is then iodinated

Question 11

Unlike T3, the rT3 has an ________ effect and is _______

Answer 11

antagonizing, inactive

Question 12

Megalin

Answer 12

A protein that helps uptake the proteins needed from one compartment into another or hormones from circulation into kidneys for degradation

Question 13

Megalin role

Answer 13

It is used to bind to the thyroglobulin hormones in the kidney so it can be degraded and released back into circulation to be reused