Thyroid

Question 1

What effects does the thyroid have on ? development , growth , matabolism , msk, car,nerve, repro, GI and skin

Answer 1

-fetal period help maturation and development of brain cells ( metamorphosis in frogs
-needed for normal growth
-increase carb , fat and BMR ( Basal metabolic rate ) , decrease body weight
-reduced muscle tone
increase blood flow ,heart rate , contractility
- needed for normal development of the nervous system
-needed for repro func
increase appetite , motility
-intiates and maintains anagen phase

Question 2

thyroid brings glucose out of stores and mobilises fat

Question 3

describe the struc and func of the different components of the thyroid glands

Answer 3

-follicles
contain microvilli to increase surface area
dense capillary network to allow transport of hormones and delivery of nutrients
follicular cells - produce T3 and T4 ( derived from tyrosine
-colloid - inside follicle middle bit , protein rich , contains thyroglobulin that binds to t4 and t3
- c cells ( parafollicular )in the epithelial cells that lie around colloid as well as follicular cells - secrete calcitriol ( lower blood calcium )

Question 4

Thyroid hormone synthesis in the thyroid gland

Answer 4

-Follicular cells have NA I symporter so bring NA and I in to cell higher I conc inside cell now than blood ( iodine trapping )
- follicular cells synthesis thyroglobulin
- Iodide to iodine via thyroperioxidase
- iodine binds to tyrosine in thyroglobulin via iodinase ( iodiantion )
-secreted into colloid