Thryroid 1

Question 1

Where is the thyroid situated in the neck

Answer 1

in front of the larynx and trachea at the level of the 5th, 6th and 7th cervical and 1st thoracic vertebrae

Question 2

Anatomic vatiation of thyroid

Answer 2

Lingual thyroid

Question 3

What is seen with lingual thyroid

Answer 3

Thyroid is embedded in the tongue

And there is no thyroid gland in the neck

Question 4

Arterial blood supply to thyroid

Answer 4

Superior and inferior thyroid arteries

Question 5

superior thyroid artery is branch of

Answer 5

branch of the external carotid artery

Question 6

inferior thyroid artery is branch of

Answer 6

subclavian artery

Question 7

venous return of the thyroid gald is ____ and they drain into ______

Answer 7

thyroid veins and they drain into internal jugular veins

Question 8

where do the parathyroid glands lie

Answer 8

in the posterior thyroid tissue

Question 9

______ passes upward close to the lobes of the gland

Answer 9

recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 10

recurrent laryngeal nerve on right side lies near the ______

Answer 10

inferior thyroid artery

Question 11

________ is essential for the formation of the thyroid hormones T3 and T4

Answer 11

iodine

Question 12

main dietary source of iodine in western culture

Answer 12

iodinated table salt

Question 13

what is iodine trapping

Answer 13

the thyroid gland selectively takes up iodine from the blood

Question 14

what stimulates release of T3 and T4 into the blood

Answer 14

thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

Question 15

TSH is secreted by

Answer 15

pituitary

Question 16

secretion of TSH is stimulated by

Answer 16

thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH) from the hypothalamus

Question 17

T3 + T4 and TSH secretion work in a ______ mechanism

Answer 17

negative feeback

Question 18

how do T3 and T4 cells affect the body?

Answer 18

increase metabolic rate and heat production

metabolism of carbs, proteins and fats

Question 19

other organ/systems affected by thyroid hormone

Answer 19

heart, skeletal muscle, skin, digestive and reproductive system

Question 20

increased T3 and T4 secretion=

Answer 20

hyperthyroidism

Question 21

decreased T3 and T4 secretion =

Answer 21

hypothyroidism

Question 22

3 thyroid function tests

Answer 22

TSH, T4 and anti-TPO Ab

Question 23

first line test for assessment of thyroid function

Answer 23

TSH test

Question 24

high levels of TSH indicate

Answer 24

hypothyroidism

Question 25

low levels of TSH indicate

Answer 25

hyperthyroidism

Question 26

elevated levels of anti-TPO Ab indicate

Answer 26

Hashimotos thyroiditis or graves disease

Question 27

What is thyroid peroxidase (TPO)?

Answer 27

enzyme in thyroid gland that converts T4 to T3

Question 28

what is antibodies thyroid peroxidase (TBOAb)

Answer 28

presence in blood reflects a prior attack on the thyroid tissue by the body immune system