Thrp - Cardio 1 Drugs

Question 1

Wt Loss goal and effect on HTN

Answer 1

Goal: BMI 18.5-25.9

SBP Reduction: 5-20 / 10kg

Question 2

DASH

Answer 2

Goal: Fruit, vegi, low fat dairy, reduced sat/total fat

SBP Reduction: 8-14

Question 3

Na+ intake

Answer 3

Goal: <1.5g - 2.3g/day

SBP Reduction: 2-8

Question 4

Exercise

Answer 4

Goal: 30min/day most days of the week

SBP Reduction: 4-9

Question 5

EtOH consumption

Answer 5

Goal: Men <1/day

SBP Reduction: 2-4

Question 6

Chlorthalidone

Answer 6

Thiazide Diuretic:
Tx HTN 1st line (1.5-2 X more potent, lasts longer and better dec in CV outcomes vs HCTZ)

12.5-25mg PO qday AM

Question 7

Hydrochlorothiazide

Answer 7

Thiazide Diuretic:
Tx HTN 1st line

12.5-25mg PO qday AM (50mg=upper limit but 25mg max efficacy)

Question 8

Bumetanide

Answer 8

Loop Diuretic
Tx HTN (Not 1st choice, god in HF/Edema)

0.5-2mg PO QDAY or BID

Question 9

Furosemide

Answer 9

Loop Diuretic
Tx HTN (Not 1st choice, god in HF/Edema)

20-80mg PO QDAY or BID

Question 10

Torsemide

Answer 10

Loop Diuretic
Tx HTN (Not 1st choice, god in HF/Edema)

2.5-10mg PO QDAY.

Question 11

Amiloride

Answer 11

K+ Sparing diuretic
Tx: Prevention of Hypo-K+ IN COMBO with other RAAS drugs/renal insufficiency (week diuretic NOT used to tx HTN alone)

5-10mg QD or BID

Question 12

Triamterene

Answer 12

K+ Sparing diuretic
Tx: Preention of Hypo-K+ IN COMBO with other RAAS drugs/renal insufficiency (week diuretic NOT used to tx HTN alone)

50-100mg QD or BID

Alone is Brand name only: Dyrenium

Question 13

Benazepril

Answer 13

ACE-I

10-40mg QD-BID

Question 14

Captopril

Answer 14

ACE-I

25-100mg BID

Question 15

Enalapril

Answer 15

ACE-I
5-40mg QD-BID

IV Formulation (Enalaprilat IV) 1.25mg q6h

Question 16

Lisinopril

Answer 16

ACE-I

10-40mg QD (closest ace to 24hr ACE)

Question 17

Ramapril

Answer 17

ACE-I

2.5-20mg QD-BID

Question 18

Losartan

Answer 18

ARB

25-100mg QD-BID

Question 19

Valsartan

Answer 19

ARB
80-320mg QD-BID

Brand Name Only: Diovan

Question 20

Irbesartan

Answer 20

ARB

150-300mg QD

Question 21

Candesartan

Answer 21

ARB

8-32mg QD

Question 22

Telmisartan

Answer 22

ARB
20-80mg QD

Brand Name Only: Micardis

Question 23

Olmesartan

Answer 23

ARB
20-40mg QD

Brand Name Only: Benicar

Question 24

Nifedipine

Answer 24

Dihydropyridine CCB

SR or XL 30-120mg QD

Question 25

Amlodipine

Answer 25

Dihydropyridine CCB | 2.5-10mg QD

Question 26

Diltiazem ER

Answer 26

Non-Dihydropyridine CCB | 120-360mg QD

Question 27

Verapamil

Answer 27

Non-Dihydropyridine CCB IR 80-320mg BID SR 120-480mg QD-BID

Question 28

Labetalol

Answer 28

Nonselective β1 (with α blockade) β-Blocker Start: 100mg BID IV formulation

Question 29

Carvedilol

Answer 29

Nonselective β1 (with α blockade) β-Blocker IR 12.5-50mg BID ER 20-80mg QD

Question 30

Metoprolol

Answer 30

β1 selective β-Blocker (Tartrate) IR 50-200mg BID (Succinate) XL 100-400mg QD

Question 31

Atenolol

Answer 31

β1 selective β-Blocker 25-100mg QD (but does not last 24hrs) Less evidence for CVD risk reduction

Question 32

Prazosin

Answer 32

α1 Blocker | 1-20mg BID-TID

Question 33

Terazosin

Answer 33

α1 Blocker | 1-20mg QD-BID

Question 34

Doxazosin

Answer 34

α1 Blocker 1-16mg QD (inc HF with Rx)

Question 35

Eplerenone

Answer 35

Aldosterone Receptor Blockers 50-100mg QD (more hyper-K vs spiro)

Question 36

Spironolactone

Answer 36

Aldosterone Receptor Blockers 25-50mg QD (more gynecomastia vs eplerenone)

Question 37

Clonidine

Answer 37

Centrally Acting HTN Rx: α2 Receptor Agonist Tab: 0.1-0.8mg BID (short t1/2) Patch: 0.1-0.3mg Weekly

Question 38

Methyldopa

Answer 38

Centrally Acting HTN Rx: Exact MOA unknown but metabolite α-methylnorepinephrine is potent α2 Receptor Agonist 250-1000mg BID to TID Tx HTN in Pregnancy

Question 39

Reserpine

Answer 39

Centrally Acting HTN Rx: depletes catecholamines and 5-HT in brain and adrenal medulla 0.1-0.25mg QD

Question 40

Hydralazine

Answer 40

Direct Vasodilator 25-100mg TID-QID IV and IM formulation

Question 41

Minoxidil

Answer 41

Direct Vasodilator | 2.5-80mg QD-BID

Question 42

Aliskiren

Answer 42

Direct Renin Inhibitor 150-300mg QD Brand name only: Tekturna