Thrombosis and Coagulation

Question 1

What are the risks of VTE?

Answer 1

Increasing age
Obesity
Pregnancy
Immobility
Family hx
Heart failure
Sickle cell

Question 2

What is PVD?

Answer 2

Peripheral Vascular Disease is a chronic condition due to atherosclerosis of arteries in the limbs. The level of arterial occlusion present is proportional to the symptoms.

Question 3

What are the six Ps of PVD?

Answer 3

Pallor, pain, paresthesia, paralysis, pulselessness, and poikilothermia

Question 4

What are the symptoms of Virchow’s triad

Answer 4

Venous stasis, endothelial injury, and hypercoagulable states

Question 5

What is virchows triad?

Answer 5

A triad of symptoms thought to contribute to thrombosis

Question 6

What is the blood test for DVT?

Answer 6

D-dimer
NOT SPECIFIC - can be increased in a variety of other conditions, including malignancy, inflammatory conditions, and infections.

Question 7

What is the treatment for a DVT?

Answer 7

Typically a DOAC, but could also be:
Warfarin (target INR 2-3)
LMWH
Unfractionated heparin

Question 8

What is the treament for a PE?

Answer 8

DOACs

Question 9

How do DOACS treat a DVT/PE?

Answer 9

E.g - Apixaban: Direct factor Xa inhibitor.

Question 10

Arterial thrombosis

Answer 10

Pale - made up of fibrin and platelets
Adherant to the vessel wall

Question 11

Venous thrombosis

Answer 11

Red - red blood cells and fibrin
Loosely adherant to the vessel wall

Question 12

What is a risk of a DVT?

Answer 12

Pulmonary embolism - clots can break off and travel to the lungs