Thrombosis Flashcards
What are the 3 components f Virchow’s Triad?
Stasis
Hypercoagulability
Vessel wall damage
In a venous thrombus, the clot will be rich in _____?
Fibrin
In an arterial thrombus the lot will be rich in ____
Platelets
List some risk factors for venous clots:
Stasis e.g. post surgery Age Pregnancy Obesity Oestrogen therapy Previous DVT/PE Trauma Malignancy Paralysis Infection Thrombophilia
What is the lifetime risk of an average person for developing venous thrombo-embolism?
1/1000 per year
2.5% in a lifetime
What are some clinical features of a DVT?
Unilateral
Swollen leg
Erythromatous
Hot and tender
List some clinical features of a pulmonary embolism?
Pleuritic chest pain Hypoxia Tachypnoea Collapse Right sided heart strain Death
Define thrombophilia:
Familial or acquired disorder of the haemostatic mechanism, which predisposes you to thrombosis
e.g. anti-phospholipid syndrome
List some naturally occurring anti-coagulants:
Serine protease inhibitors
Protein C
Protein S
List some genetic defects which increases an individuals tendency to develop premature, unusual and recurrent thrombosis:
Factor V Leidin
Prothrombin 20210 mutation
Anti-thrombin deficiency
Protein C or S deficiency
When might you give a patient prophylaxis for thrombosis?
If theyre pregnant
When should you prescribe a patient with long term anticoagulation?
If they have recurrent episodes of thrombotic events
List some clinical features of anti-phospholipid syndrome:
Recurrent thromboses
Recurrent foetal loss
Mild thrombocytopaenia
List some conditions associated with anti-phospholipid antibodies:
Autoimmune disorders e.g. SLE
Lymphoproliferative disorders
Viral infection
What are anti-phospholipid antibodies?
They are autoantibodies which have a specificity for anionic phospholipids, and they prolong the phospholipid dependent coagulation tests in vitro.
(aka lupus anticoagulants)
