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Haematology > Haemopoiesis > Flashcards

Haemopoiesis Flashcards

1
Q

Define Haemopoiesis:

A

This is the formation of blood cells

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2
Q

What are the different groups of white cells?

A

Granulocytes
Monocytes
Lymphocytes

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3
Q

List the different types of granulocytes:

A

Neutrophils
Eosinophils
basophils

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4
Q

What do monocytes become?

A

Macrophages - once the enter the tissue

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5
Q

What are the different types of lymphocytes?

A

B cells
T cells
Natural Killer Cells

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6
Q

What is the lifespan of a RBC?

A

120 days

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7
Q

What is the lifespan of a neutrophil?

A

7-8 hours

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8
Q

What is a platelet precursor known as?

A

Megakaryocyte

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9
Q

What are the precursors to white blood cells?

A

Blasts

erythro/myelo

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10
Q

What is the name for the nucleated precursor between a blast and a neutrophil?

A

Myelocytes

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11
Q

Where are blasts found?

A

Bone marrow

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12
Q

What comes first in the production of blood cells?

A

Long term haemopoietic stem cells
Then
Short term haemopoietic stem cells

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13
Q

Which stem cell is able to self renew more?

A

Long term

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14
Q

Define proliferation:

A

An increase in numbers

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15
Q

When has bone marrow developed in untero?

A

Week 16

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16
Q

In adults where does haemopoiesis occur?

A

The marrow within the axial skeleton, pelvis and proximal long bones

17
Q

What are sinuses in bone marrow?

A

These are where arterioles drain into as opposed to venules

The are larger and have a discontinuous basement membrane

18
Q

How do formed blood cells leave the bone marrow?

A

Through the fenestrations of the endothelial cells

19
Q

What is RBC release associated with?

A

Sinusoidal dilation and increased blood flow

20
Q

What cells ctively migrate towards the sinusoids?

A

Neutrophils

21
Q

How do megakaryocytes come into contact with the sinusoids?

A

They extend long branching processes known as proplatelets

22
Q

What is red marrow?

A

Bone marrow which is haemopoeitically active

23
Q

What is yellow marrow?

A

Fatty inactive marrow which increases as you age

24
Q

What regulates the maturation of neutrophil precursors?

A

Granulocyte colony stimulating actor

G-CSF

25
Q

What regulates the growth and development of megakaryocytes?

A

Thrombopoietin

26
Q

What is the ‘niche’

A

This is an area where hemopoietic cells occupy, that provides signals for expansion differentiation or dormancy

27
Q

Where is the ‘niche’

A

Around the vasculature of the bone marrow

Allows for access to different cytokine signals

28
Q

When assessing non-lymphoid cells what tests are often done?

A

Blood count
Morphology film
Immunophenotyping may be done for antigens

29
Q

What lymphoid cell can be seen under a microscope?

A

ONLY

plasma cells

Haematology (13 decks)

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