Thrombosis Flashcards
What is thrombosis
A process that occurs when an injury to the vessel wall does not occur and a vessel is occluded which causes ichaemic damage
What is arterial thrombosis
This occurs in a diseases artery, the diseases artery has lost mos of its lumen due to plaque formation, the plaque ruptures it starts off thrombosis so the lumen is occluded
What is deep venous thrombosis
When clots form at the valves of distal veins
What is DVT a risk for
Pulmonary embolism
What is the virchows triad
The risk factors for thrombosis which applies to both arterial and venous
What are the 3 factors in virchows triad
- Stasis (alteration in the normal blood flow) e.g reduced mobility
- Injury to the vascular endothelium
- Hypercoagulability e.g pregnancy which has increased clotting factors and fibrinolysis decreases
Who has the highest risk for a relapse
Previous unprovoked DVT or PE (for no reason)
Males
What do we prevent VTE
Early mobilisation
Heparin (subcut)
What can set off the coagulation cascade
Inflammation
Tissue damage
What are the ways to break down a clot
Anticoaugualtns e.g anti-thrombin
Protein c/s
What is the role of anti-thrombin
Binds to thrombin to neutralise it
What is the role of protein c/s
Binds to factor 5 and 8 to cleave it
What is the role of thrombin
To cleave fibrinogen to fibrin
What is fibrin
The scaffold for the clot
How can thrombin become an anti-coagulant
By binding to thrombomodulin on the endothelium which will become anti-thrombin
