Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ENT > Throat Disorders > Flashcards

Throat Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is the term for a “sore throat”?

A

Pharyngitis/tonsillitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the most common etiology of pharyngitis/tonsillitis?

A

viral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which type of pharyngitis/tonsillitis is described below?

Minimal signs and symptoms

Cough

Rhinorrhea

Hoarseness

Minimal exudate (Exception: Mono)

A

Viral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which type of pharyngitis/tonsillitis is described below?

Symptoms more severe

Fever

Dysphagia/odynophagia

Anterior cervical adenopathy

Tonsillar exudate

A

Bacterial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the most common bacterial pathogen in pharyngitis?

A

Strep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name some conditions in a differential diagnosis of a sore throat?

A

Viral
Mono
Bacterial
Post nasal drip
Peritonsillar abscess
Retropharyngeal abscess
diphtheria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are some absolute indications for a tonsillectomy?

A

Obstructive sleep apnea
Cor pulmonale
Tonsillar asymmetry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are some relative indications for a tonsillectomy?

A

Recurrent streptococcal tonsillitis
Recurrent PTA
Chronic tonsillitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are some complications of a tonsillectomy?

A

Post-op bleeding
Airway obstruction
Pain
Protracted emesis and fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In cases of tonsillar asymmetry, what is recommended?

A

Biopsy for lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What criteria do we use in cases of suspected strep pharyngitis, that when the four features are present, GABHS pharyngitis is strongly suspected?

A

Centor Criteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

List the four features of the Centor Criteria

A

Fever over 100.4

Tender anterior cervical adenopathy

Lack of cough

Pharyngotonsillar exudate and erythema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are complications/sequela of GABHS Pharyngitis?

A

Rheumatic fever
Glomeronephritis
Scarlet fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the drug of choice for treatment of GABHS Pharyngitis?

A

Penicillin x 10 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What diagnostic test for GABHS Pharyngitis has 90-99% sensitivity?

A

Rapid Strep test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Can mimic/resemble strep

Characteristic whitish purple exudate extending into the nasopharynx

Typically young patients

Can have marked lymphadenopathy

A

Mononucleosis

17
Q

What is the virus responsible for mononucleosis?

A

EBV

18
Q

What cause of pharyngitis is described below?

Shaggy white-purple exudate extending into nasopharynx

Excessive fatigue

Tender posterior and cervical adenopathy

Marked lymphadenopathy

hepatosplenomegaly

A

Mononucleosis

19
Q

Quinsy Throat

Infection of tonsillar fossa

Suppurative complication of tonsillitis

Typically unilateral

A

Peritonsillar Abscess

20
Q

What cause of pharyngitis is described below?

Fever, chills, malaise

Odynophagia/dysphagia/otalgia

History of tonsillitis – inadequately treated

“hot potato” voice (muffled)

Trismus (lockjaw)

Drooling (pending airway problems)

Fluctuant peritonsillar fullness

Uvular base deviated away from lesion

Tonsil displaced medially

Cervical lymphadentitis

A

Peritonsillar Abscess

21
Q

What is the DOC for peritonsillar abscess?

A

Clindamycin

22
Q

What is the definitive treatment for peritonsillar abscess?

A

I&D – need to go to OR

23
Q

What are some complications of peritonsillar abscess?

A

Asphyxia (Laryngeal edema)

Aspiration pneumonia

Retropharygeal abscess

Descending infections

Ascending infections (Brain abscess, Meningitis, Cavernous sinus thrombosis)

24
Q

Most commonly encountered neck space infection

Primarily in anterior neck (worry about compression)

Cellulitis of the sublingual and submaxillary space

A

Ludwig’s Angina

25
Q

What are some etiologies of ludwig’s angina?

A

Hx dental abscess

Strep infection

26
Q

What cause of pharyngitis is described below?

Edema and erythema of upper neck

Displacement of tongue up and back (Can occlude airway)

Respiratory distress

A

Ludwig’s Angina

27
Q

What are some complications of Ludwig’s Angina?

A

Extension to deep neck space
Airway compromise

28
Q

Infection due to penetrating trauma or extension from a peritonsillar abscess, dental infection, or lateral space infection

This is an emergency!

Typically affects children ages 2 and younger

A

Retropharyngeal Abscess

29
Q

What are some complications of a retropharyngeal abscess that makes it an emergency?

A

May quickly compromise airway (laryngeal edema)
May spread to the mediastinum (Mediastinitis)
May cause septicemia
Aspiration pneumonia
Hemorrhaging (Carotid, internal jugular)

30
Q

What cause of pharyngitis is described below?

Fever

Dysphagia/ Odynophagia/Drooling

May look toxic

Asymmetrical swelling in posterior pharynx

Pain with neck ROM

Anterolateral neck swelling

Dyspnea

Cervical lymphadentitis

Cervical lordosis

Tender posterior pharyngeal swelling (50%)

Sub-Q emphysema (rare)

A

Retropharyngeal Abscess

31
Q

What is the mortality rate with a retropharyngeal abscess even despite treatment?

A

Mortality rate of 25%

32
Q

Syndrome of temporary airway obstruction

90% oropharynx

80% hypopharynx

Absolute indication for tonsillectomy

A

Obstructive Sleep Apnea

33
Q

What condition or disorder is described below?

Snoring

Excessive daytime sleepiness

Falling asleep during normal activities

Witnessed apnea

A

Obstructive Sleep Apnea

34
Q

Patients with obstructive sleep apnea are at risk for what other things?

A

Accidents
HTN
IHD
Cardiac ectopy
CVA

35
Q

What neck radius in men and women is suggestive of obstructive sleep apnea?

A

Neck >17” – males

Neck >15” – females

36
Q

Using polysomnography (sleep study), what reading is diagnostic of obstructive sleep apnea?

A

AHI >/= 15, desats

37
Q

What is the gold standard treatment for obstructive sleep apnea?

A

Tracheostomy

ENT (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions