Three Medical

Question 1

Erythrocytes

Answer 1

red blood cells. Made in the bone marrow. Carry oxygen from the lungs through the body to all body cells

Question 2

Hemoglobin

Answer 2

-globin = protein. Important part of erythrocytes, carries oxygen through the bloodstream.

Question 3

Leukocytes

Answer 3

white blood cells

Question 4

Granulocytes

Answer 4

dark-staining granules in the cytoplasm and have a multilobed nucleus. formed in the bone marrow and there are three types: Eosinophils, Basophils, Neurtrophils.

Question 5

Eosinophils

Answer 5

(granules stain red with acidic stain) these are increased in number in allergic conditions such as asthma.

Question 6

Basophils

Answer 6

(granules stain blue with basic stain) Basophils increase in the healing phase of inflammation.

Question 7

Neutrophils

Answer 7

(granules stain purple with neutral stain). These are the most important disease-fighting cells and the most numerous. 50-60% of all leukocytes are neutrophils. They are phagocytes (phag/o - eating, swallowing) and they engulf and digest bacteria. Neutrophils are referred to as “polys” or polymorphonuclear leukocytes (poly=man, morph/o=growth) because of multilobed nucleus

Question 8

Mononuclear cells

Answer 8

have one large nucleus and only a few granules. There are two types: lymphocytes and monocytes

Question 9

lymphocytes

Answer 9

fight disease by producing antibodies, thereby destroying (sometimes attaching to) foreign cells. Two types of lymophocytes: T cells and B cells.

Question 10

monocytes

Answer 10

contain one very large nucleus and engulf and destroy cellular debris after neutrophils have attached foreign cells. They leave the bloodstream and enter the tissues (such as lungs and liver) to become macrophages which are large phagocytes.

Question 11

Thrombocytes (platelets)

Answer 11

(Clotting cells) The third type of blood cell, formed in the bone marrow.

Question 12

Acromegaly

Answer 12

Endocrine disorder that occurs when the pituitary gland, attached to the base of the brain, produces excessive amount of growth hormone AFTER the completion of puberty. Most often results in a benign tumor of the pituitary gland. (Gigantism is the result of overproduction of pituitary growth hormone.)

Question 13

Laparoscopy

Answer 13

a form of minimally invasive surgery that is a visual examination of the abdominal cavity with a laparoscope

Question 14

Tracheotomy

Answer 14

incision into the trachea typically done to open it below a blockage. Tracheotomy is performed to remove foreign body or to obtain a biopsy. Tracheostomy is an opening in the trachea through which an indwelling tube is inserted to allow air flow into the lungs or to remove secretions.

Question 15

adenoids

Answer 15

small masses of lymphatic tissue in the part of the pharynx near the nose and nasal passages. The tonsils are also lymphatic tissue.