Thorax Imagine--Goldschmidt Flashcards
It is relatively common to see a calous (healing fracture sign) on this bone during unrelated chest X-ray
clavicle
How big should the mediastinum be relative to the entire chest?
< 1/2 width
Costophrenic angle should normally be…
sharp
The diaphragm itself can be visualized when…
free air is present in the abdomen
Mediastinal lymph node enlargement could mean
granuloitous disease (sarcoidosis)
teactive nodes–TB
metastatic disease
lymphoma
What outlines mediastinal structures?
air in lungs
Bronchograms
visible bronchioles contrasted aginst alveolar puss
Alveolar infiltrates (puss in alveoli) is often seen in…
bacterial pneumonia
Interstitial infiltrates (betwen alveoli) are often seen in…
atypical pneumonia, early CHF, fibrosis
lacy, reticular pattern
Kerly’s B-lines/septal lines subbest
CHF
What is the trick to being sure you have a pleural effusion?
lay patient on side and get new view
fluid should settle on side
Nodule vs Mass
Nodule <3 cm
Mass >3 cm
How to rule out cancer when nodule/mass present
2-3 years of stability
central calcifications suggest benign
follow Fleischner society recommendations
Tension pneumothorax
air between visceral and parietal pleura
one way mechanism, air in but not out
normal pneumothorax may be iatrogenic
release pressure, breath again, “whoosh”
Pneumothorax CXR
visceral pleura evident, sharp line
