Heart Pump--Nordgren

Question 1

Pulse pressure

Answer 1

pulse pressure = systolic - diastolic

Question 2

Blood pressure in pulmonary circuit

Answer 2

systolic: 24
diastolic: 8

Question 3

Why do you hear heart sounds?

Answer 3

turbulent flow of blood in heart

Question 4

Heart sound etiology:

S1

S2

S3

S4

Answer 4

S1: closure of AV valves

S2: closure of semilunar valves

S3: fluid rushing into ventricles too fast

S4: fluid forces into stiff/hypertrophic ventricle

Question 5

Ejection fraction equation

Answer 5

EF = stroke volume/end systolic volume

Question 6

Preload

Answer 6

increases initial fiber length and contraction shortening

tension before contraction

EDV or atrial pressure are surrogate measures

Question 7

Afterload

Answer 7

function of resistance that left ventricle must overcome

MAP is surrogate measure (MAP = diastolic + 1/3 PP)

Question 8

Why is heart rate such a big deal when you are trying to protect the heart?

Answer 8

HR has the biggest effect on energy demands

isovolumic contraction uses 50% of heart’s energy