Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HSC2105 Cross Section > Thorax & Abdomen Anatomy > Flashcards

Thorax & Abdomen Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

what are the borders of the thorax inlet & wall

A

anterior - sternum
lateral - ribs + costal cartilages + 3 muscle layers
posterior - thoracic vertebrae + IV discs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the openings of diaphragms

A

caval opening = T8
esophageal hiatus = T10
aortic hiatus = T12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what passes through diaphragmatic breathing

A

esophagus, descending aorta, IVC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

mammillary glands extend vertically from

A

ribs 2 to 6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what surrounds nipples

A

areola

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

___ opens into nipple

A

15 - 20 lactiferous ducts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

lymphatic drainage of mammillary gland

A

75% axillary lymph nodes
rest via parasternal & intercostal nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the 2 layers of lungs

A

parietal & visceral / pulmonary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the different parietal layers

A

costal, diaphragmatic, cervical, mediastinal pleura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what do folds of parietal pleura act as

A

reserve spaces for lungs to expand during deep inspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what does visceral pleura closely invest

A

lung except hilum & lung root attachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what do lung roots do

A

anchors medial surface of lungs to mediastinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is found in lung roots

A

pulmonary artery
pulmonary vein
pulmonary ligament
bronchus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

where do lung roots lie opposite to

A

T5-7 vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are lung roots

A

tubular sheath of mediastinal pleura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what do pulmonary artery & vein carry

A

pulmonary artery = deoxygenated blood
pulmonary vein = oxygenated blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

where is apex of lung

A

2.5 cm above clavicles
4 cm above 1st ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is below diaphragm

A

right = liver
left = liver, stomach, spleen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what are the lobes of the lungs

A

right = upper, middle, lower
left = upper, lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what are the fissures of the lungs

A

right = 2 fissures (oblique & horizontal)
left = 1 fissure (oblique)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what do oblique fissures act as

A

plane of cleavage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what are the recesses of pleura

A

costodiaphragmatic & costomediastinal recesses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

components of right hilum

A

above downwards
- epartial bronchus
- pulmonary artery
- principle bronchus
- lower pulmonary vein

below backwards
- upper pulmonary vein
- pulmonary artery
- bronchus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

components of left hilum

A

above downwards
- pulmonary artery
- principle bronchus
- lower pulmonary vein

below backwards
- upper pulmonary vein
- pulmonary artery
- bronchus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

right vs left lung: size

A

right = larger, wider, shorter
left = smaller, narrower, longer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

right vs left lung: lobes & fissures

A

right = 2 fissures, 3 lobes
left = 1 fissure, 2 lobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

right vs left lung: lung root contents

A

right
- 2 bronchi (eparterial & hyparterial)
- 1 pulmonary artery
- 2 pulmonary veins

Left
- 1 bronchi
- 1 pulmonary artery
- 2 pulmonary veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

right vs left lung: cardiac notch

A

right = no cardiac notch
left = present & below it lies lingula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

right vs left lung: bronchial artery

A

right = 1 bronchial artery
left = 2 bronchial artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

types of pericardium

A

serous (parietal & visceral) & fibrous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what layers form the heart

A

visceral pericardium, myocardium, endocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what does right side of heart pump

A

deoxygenated blood from SVC & IVC to lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

what does left side of heart pump

A

oxygenated blood from pulmonary veins to aorta

34
Q

what forms right border of heart

A

right atrium

35
Q

what forms left border of heart

A

left auricle + ventricle

36
Q

what forms lower border of heart

A

right atrium + ventricle

37
Q

3 surfaces of heart

A

sternocostal (anterior), diaphragmatic (inferior), posterior (base)

38
Q

what forms sternocostal surface of heart

A

right atrium, auricle, ventricle
left auricle
part of left ventricle

39
Q

what forms diaphragmatic surface of heart

A

left + right ventricle

40
Q

what forms posterior surface of heart

A

left + right atrium

41
Q

pleural effusion

A

excess fluid that accumulates between pleural layers of lungs

42
Q

pneumothorax

A

abnormal air collected in pleural space

43
Q

pericardial effusion

A

excess fluid accumulated in pericardial cavity due to trauma / pathology

44
Q

extensive pericardial effusion leads to

A

cardiac tamponade

45
Q

what happens during pericardial effusion

A

volume of sac compromised = prevents full expansion of heart = limits amount of blood heart can receive = decreased cardiac output

46
Q

what is the method to treat pericardial effusion / cardiac tamponade

A

pericardiocentesis which drains fluid from pericardium

47
Q

mediastinum?

A

space between both lungs medially

48
Q

what occupies mediastinum

A

heart

49
Q

what divides superior & inferior mediastinum

A

T4/5 @ sternal angle

50
Q

what are the boundaries of anterior, middle, and posterior mediastinum

A

sternum to heart = anterior
heart = middle
heart to spine = posterior

51
Q

what separates the abdomen into 4 quadrants

A

median plane vertically
trans umbilical plane horizontally

52
Q

what separates the abdomen into 9 quadrants

A

mid clavicular line vertically
subcostal plane horizontally (superior)
intertubercular plane horizontally (inferior)

53
Q

9 quadrants of abdomen from top right to bottom left

A

right hypochondrium
epigastric
left hypochondrium
right flank
umbilical
left flank
right groin
pubic
left groin

54
Q

what is unique to RUQ

A

gallbladder
pylorus of stomach
duodenum
head of pancreas

55
Q

what is unique to LUQ

A

spleen
stomach
jejunum & proximal ileum
body & tail of pancreas

56
Q

what is unique to RLQ

A

cecum
appendix
most of ileum

57
Q

what is unique to LLQ

A

sigmoid colon

58
Q

what are the 4 parts of duodenum

A

superior, inferior, descending, ascending

59
Q

how long is jejunum + ileum

A

20 feet long

60
Q

what is appendicitis

A

inflammatory disease where pain starts in umbilicus then shirts to McBurney’s Point + fever

61
Q

what are the parts of appendix

A

base, body, tip, mesoappendix

62
Q

what is McBurney’s Point

A

lateral 1/3 + medial 2/3 of line joining ASIS to umbilicus

63
Q

where is appendix

A

2cm below transtubercular plane & right lateral plane
inside pubic region

64
Q

contents of porta hepatis

A

common hepatic duct
hepatic portal vein
hepatic artery proper

65
Q

what are the 3 vascular planes of abdominal aorta

A

anterior midline, lateral, posterolateral

66
Q

what is the class of anterior midline arteries

A

unpaired visceral

67
Q

what is the class of lateral arteries

A

paired visceral

68
Q

what is the class of posterolateral arteries

A

paired parietal (segmental)

69
Q

what is the distribution of anterior midline arteries

A

digestive tract

70
Q

what is the distribution of lateral arteries

A

urogenital & endocrine organs

71
Q

what is the distribution of posterolateral arteries

A

diaphragm; body wall

72
Q

abdominal branches of anterior midline arteries

A

celiac (T12)
superior mesenteric (L1)
inferior mesenteric (L3)

73
Q

abdominal branches of lateral arteries

A

suprarenal & renal (L1)
gonadal (L2)

74
Q

abdominal branches of posterolateral arteries

A

inferior phrenic (T12)
subcostal (L2)
lumbar (L1 - L4)

75
Q

what muscles articulate with kidneys

A

lateral = transversus abdominis
middle = quadratus lumborum
medial = psoas major

76
Q

where are right & left kidneys found

A

right = L1-3
left = T12 - L2

77
Q

ureter constrictors

A

ureteropelvic junction
pelvic inlet
entrance to bladder

78
Q

where is false pelvis

A

from pubis symphysis to sacrum

79
Q

where is true pelvis

A

below sacrum

80
Q

what is the normal position of the vagina

A

anteverted & anteflexed

81
Q

what is the bony pelvis sex diff

A

male
- heart shaped pelvic inlet
- pubis angle = 50 - 60 degrees

female
- circular pelvic inlet
- pubis angle = 80 - 85 degrees

82
Q

neck of pancreas is a landmark for

A

superior mesenteric artery + vein

HSC2105 Cross Section (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions