Thorax/Abdomen Flashcards
How many ribs are connected directly to the sternum through their own costal cartilages?
ribs 1-7 (aka true ribs)
False ribs are what number ribs?
8-12
11-12 are also floating
The 7th rib articulates with what vertebra(e)?
6th and 7th
- attaches on the transfers process of 7, costovertebral joints of 6 and 7
What part of the rib attaches to the costovertebral joints?
head of rib
What is the pump-handle movement of the thoracic wall?
anterior to posterior movement
What is the bucket-handle movement of the thoracic wall?
Lateral expansion
What is the primary muscle of inspiration?
diaphragm
- contraction of the diaphragm increases the vertical dimension of the thoracic cavity
What should your differential diagnosis be when a patient tells you they have chest pain?
- Lay them down, does rest or changed body position affect symptoms?
- ask about type of pain: crushing, deep, burning could indicate MI
What do the intercostal muscles do?
both internal and external elevate the ribs with forced inspiration
What muscles depress the ribs?
transverse thoracis, and potentially some of the internal intercostal muscles
OINA: serratus anterior
origin: anterior surfaces of ribs 1-8/9
insertion: medial border of scapula
innervation: long thoracic n. (C5-7)
action: protraction and upward rotation of scap (allowing abd at >90deg)
What are the muscles of inspiration?
1) diaphragm
2) external/internal intercostals
3) sternocleido/scalenes (accessory muscles)
What are the muscles of expiration?
1) abdominals (rectus, ext/int oblique, transversus)
2) internal intercostals
3) transverse thoracis
What nervous system controls the cardiac muscle of the heart?
autonomic NS
What parts of which bones make up the costotransverse joint?
tubercle of rib to the TP of the same # as rib
Which ribs utilize the bucket handle? Which the pump handle?
bucket handle = 7-10
pump handle = 2-5
What structures can cause thoracic outlet syndrome?
1) tight scalenes compressing subclavian a.
2) extra rib compressing vessels in area
Where does the lymph system drain to?
drains into the subclavian a., bilaterally (via R lymphatic duct and thoracic duct (which is left))
What are the two pleural layers of the lungs? Describe them
Parietal pleura = thick lining that attaches to thoracic wall, diaphragm, etc
Visceral pleura = directly adhered to lungs, giving them a smooth surface to move in cavity
Which lung has 3 lobes?
R
What structures pass through the root of the lung?
pulmonary arteries/veins, bronchi
T/F: Inflammation of the parietal pleura is painful.
true
The trachea exists through what vertebral levels?
C6-T4
T4 is at sternal angle
Which primary bronchi is more likely to get food trapped in it from a young child aspirating?
R lobe = it’s wider and shorter
What does your larynx do?
it houses your voice box
Where is your thyroid located?
in neck, just inferior to larynx
Describe differences between internal/external oblique AOIs:
Internal Oblique = ipsilateral rotation; comes from iliac crest up to 10-12 ribs
External Oblique = contralateral rotation; comes from ribs 5-12 to linea alba/pelvis
Both are innervated by thoraco-abdominal n. (T6-12), do ips. side bend and trunk flexion
Transverse abdominus AOIs:
O: internal surfaces of 7-12 costal cartilages, iliac crest, TL fascia
I: linea alba into internal oblique’s aponeurosis
N: thoraco-abdominal nerves (T6-12)
A: compress/support abdominal viscera
Rectus abdominus AOIs:
O: pubic symphysis and pubic crest
I: xiphoid and 5-7 cost cartilages
N: Thoraco-abdominal nerves (T6-12)
A: flexes trunk
The anterior layer of thoracolumbar fascia thickes to form what ligament?
iliolumbar ligament
