Thorax Flashcards
Name the three parts of the sternum?
Manubrium sterni T4/5
Body
Xiphisternum T9/10
What are the true ribs?
The superior seven ribs
What are the parts of a typical rib?
Ribs 3-9
Shaft an anterior/costal end and a posterior/vertebral end
What ribs are considered floating?
Eleventh and 12th ribs
What are two rib anomalies?
Bicipital rib
Bifid rib
What are the contents in the thoracic inlet
Oesophagus, lungs, trachea, internal jugular vein, great vessels, common carotid, subclavian, mediastinum
Thoracic outlet bounded to?
Bounded to T12, 12th rib, costal margins and xiphisternum and thoracic diaphragm
Surface anatomy of thorax ?
Scapula Clavicle Sternum Jugular notch Sternal angle
Vertebral levels of thoracic domes?
Left T10
Right T9
What is the central tendon attached to and perforated by?
Fibrous pericardium and perforated by inferior vena cava
What are the major openings of the thoracic diaphragm?
Aortic diaphragm T12
Oesophageal hiatus T10
Cabal foramen T8/9
What is the sole nerve supply to the thoracic diaphragm?
Phrenic nerves
What are the two layers of pleura?
Visceral and parietal
Features of the lungs?
Fissures Surfaces Borders Apex of lung Base of each lung Root of each lung
What are the surfaces of the lungs?
Costal, diaphragmatic and mediastinal
Contents of root of each lung?
Connects lung to heart and trachea consists of primary bronchus, pulmonary arteries and veins, bronchial vessels, pulmonary nerve plexus and lymph vessels and pleural sleeve
Blood supply to lungs?
Bronchial arteries
Features of left lung?
Superior and inferior lungs
Oblique fissure
Cardiac notch
Lingula
Features of right lung?
Lobes
Horizontal fissure
Oblique fissure
Bronchial tree?
Bifurcation of trachea
Primary bronchus
Secondary bronchi
Segmental bronchi
Contents of anterior mediastinum?
Thymus Brachiocephalic lymph nodes Superior vena cava Aortic arch Vagus nerves Phrenic nerves Trachea Oesophagus Thoracic duct
Contents of posterior mediastinum?
Descending thoracic aorta Azygos vein Hemiazygos vein Accessory hemiazygos vein Oesophagus Vagus nerves
Boundaries of anterior mediastinum?
Sup- aortic pulmonary window Inferior-thoracic diaphragm Anterior-sternum Posterior-fibrous pericardium Lateral-parietal pericardium
Boundaries of middle mediastinum?
Superior-aortic pulmonary window Inferior-thoracic diaphragm Anterior-fibrous pericardium Posterior-fibrous pericardium Lateral-left and right parietal pleurae
Contents of posterior mediastinum?
Superior- Aortic pulmonary window Inferior-thoracic diaphragm Anterior-fibrous pericardium Posterior- T4/5 to T12 Lateral left and right parietal pleurae
