Thorax

Question 1

Name the three parts of the sternum?

Answer 1

Manubrium sterni T4/5
Body
Xiphisternum T9/10

Question 2

What are the true ribs?

Answer 2

The superior seven ribs

Question 3

What are the parts of a typical rib?

Answer 3

Ribs 3-9

Shaft an anterior/costal end and a posterior/vertebral end

Question 4

What ribs are considered floating?

Answer 4

Eleventh and 12th ribs

Question 5

What are two rib anomalies?

Answer 5

Bicipital rib

Bifid rib

Question 6

What are the contents in the thoracic inlet

Answer 6

Oesophagus, lungs, trachea, internal jugular vein, great vessels, common carotid, subclavian, mediastinum

Question 7

Thoracic outlet bounded to?

Answer 7

Bounded to T12, 12th rib, costal margins and xiphisternum and thoracic diaphragm

Question 8

Surface anatomy of thorax ?

Answer 8

Scapula
Clavicle
Sternum
Jugular notch
Sternal angle

Question 9

Vertebral levels of thoracic domes?

Answer 9

Left T10

Right T9

Question 10

What is the central tendon attached to and perforated by?

Answer 10

Fibrous pericardium and perforated by inferior vena cava

Question 11

What are the major openings of the thoracic diaphragm?

Answer 11

Aortic diaphragm T12
Oesophageal hiatus T10
Cabal foramen T8/9

Question 12

What is the sole nerve supply to the thoracic diaphragm?

Answer 12

Phrenic nerves

Question 13

What are the two layers of pleura?

Answer 13

Visceral and parietal

Question 14

Features of the lungs?

Answer 14

Fissures
Surfaces
Borders
Apex of lung
Base of each lung
Root of each lung

Question 15

What are the surfaces of the lungs?

Answer 15

Costal, diaphragmatic and mediastinal

Question 16

Contents of root of each lung?

Answer 16

Connects lung to heart and trachea consists of primary bronchus, pulmonary arteries and veins, bronchial vessels, pulmonary nerve plexus and lymph vessels and pleural sleeve

Question 17

Blood supply to lungs?

Answer 17

Bronchial arteries

Question 18

Features of left lung?

Answer 18

Superior and inferior lungs
Oblique fissure
Cardiac notch
Lingula

Question 19

Features of right lung?

Answer 19

Lobes
Horizontal fissure
Oblique fissure

Question 20

Bronchial tree?

Answer 20

Bifurcation of trachea
Primary bronchus
Secondary bronchi
Segmental bronchi

Question 21

Contents of anterior mediastinum?

Answer 21

Thymus
Brachiocephalic lymph nodes
Superior vena cava
Aortic arch
Vagus nerves
Phrenic nerves
Trachea
Oesophagus
Thoracic duct

Question 22

Contents of posterior mediastinum?

Answer 22

Descending thoracic aorta
Azygos vein
Hemiazygos vein
Accessory hemiazygos vein
Oesophagus
Vagus nerves

Question 23

Boundaries of anterior mediastinum?

Answer 23

Sup- aortic pulmonary window
Inferior-thoracic diaphragm
Anterior-sternum
Posterior-fibrous pericardium
Lateral-parietal pericardium

Question 24

Boundaries of middle mediastinum?

Answer 24

Superior-aortic pulmonary window
Inferior-thoracic diaphragm
Anterior-fibrous pericardium
Posterior-fibrous pericardium
Lateral-left and right parietal pleurae

Question 25

Contents of posterior mediastinum?

Answer 25

Superior- Aortic pulmonary window
Inferior-thoracic diaphragm
Anterior-fibrous pericardium 
Posterior- T4/5 to T12
Lateral left and right parietal pleurae