Back Flashcards
Where does the anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments attach?
Anterior- anterior surface of bodies and intervertebral discs of vertebral column
Posterior- anterior wall of vertebral canal and posterior wall of vertebral bodies
What is the ligamentum flavum and where does it attach?
Multiple elastic ligaments attach to laminae of opposing vertebrae
What is the ligamentum Nuchae and where does it attach?
Elastic yellow ligament attaches to spinous processes of the cervical vertebrae and external occipital protuberance
Muscles of superficial layer?
Trapezius, latissimus dorsi, rhomboid major and minor, Levator scapulae
Rhomboid muscles and Levator scapulae located deeper to trapezius
Intermediate muscles
Serratus posterior superior deep to rhomboid muscles inferior deep to latissimus dorsi serve as a respiratory function
Deep muscles
Erector spinae and transversospinalis (most deep) lie between spinous processes
Bony structure palpable at C7?
Vertebra prominens
Palpable structures between the bulges of erector spinae?
Thoracic spinous processes
What is the sacral triangle?
Flat triangular area overlying sacrum superior angles at posterior superior iliac spines inferior angle at S3
Where does the spinal cord begin and terminate?
Begins at medulla oblongata in the brain and terminates at conus medullaris L1/L2
What is the cauda equina?
Collection of nerve rootlets that extend from conus medullaris inferior lulu to S2
What is the blood supply of the spinal cord?
Anterior spinal artery: single origin in cranium courses along anterior median fissure
Posterior spinal arteries: multiple origin in cranial cavity from terminal branch of vertebral arteries
Name the meninx attached to the spinal cord and spinal nerve roots extends into each intervertebral foramen?
Pia mater
What is the filum terminale?
Thin central fibrous strand of Pia mater that extends from the conus medullaris of the spinal cord to the coccyx
Denticulate ligaments
Elongated band that extends from the foramen magnum to L1 with 21 tooth like structures of Pia mater
What surrounds the spinal nerve roots and bodies?
Dura and arachnoid mater
What layer contains CSF, spinal cord vessels?
Subarachnoid space
Name the structures contained in the caudal sac?
Cauda equina, filum terminale and CSF terminates at S2 Durack/thecal sac is the whole spinal cord
What is the lumbar cistern?
Most dilated portion of subarachnoid space in lumbar region
What are the structures contained in the cervical vertebral canal?
Posterior longitudinal ligament Epidural space Dura mater Subdural space Arachnoid Subarachnoid space Spinal blood vessels Pia mater
Contents of intervertebral foramen?
Posterior root of spinal nerve Dorsal root ganglion Anterior root of spinal nerve Meninges Peridicular recess Body of spinal nerve Rami of spinal nerve
What is a herniated disc?
When there is a rupture or tear in the annulus fibrosis which allows the contents of the nucleus polpsus to leak out in a posterior lateral direction
