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SEM 2 ANATOMY > Thorax 2 > Flashcards

Thorax 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what separates the pleural cavity from the mediastinum

A

parietal pleura

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2
Q

4 surfaces of parietal pleura

A

costal
diaphragmatic
mediastinal
cervical

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3
Q

where is the cervical parietal pleura

A

up to neck over apex of the lung

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4
Q

describe the visceral pleura

A

continuos with mediastinal pleura at root of lung

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5
Q

what is pleural recess

A

spaces seen during quiet respiration

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6
Q

two types of pleural recess

A

costo-diaphragmatic

costo-mediastinal

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7
Q

how many fissures on the right lung

A

2

3 lobes: superior middle and inferior

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8
Q

what rib does the horizontal fissure follow

A

4th

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9
Q

what rib does the oblique fissure follow

A

6th

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10
Q

how many people can the azygos lobe be found

A

1%

azygos vein may abnormally loop over apex of right lung instead of the hilum and isolate a part of it

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11
Q

what could appear black in the hilum of a lung

A

bronchial lymph nodes - blackened by pollution

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12
Q

where does the trachea bifuricate

A

carina- T4

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13
Q

what is secondary bronchi called

A

lobar

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14
Q

what is tertiary bronchi called

A

segmental

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15
Q

where would you listen to the apex of the lung

A

above clavicle

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16
Q

where would you listen to the superior lobe

A

2 intercostal space

mid clavicular line

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17
Q

inferior lobe sound

A

6th intercostal space

axillary line

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18
Q

middle lobe sound

A

4th intercostal space

mid clavicular line

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19
Q

where would you listen to the left lung

A

on patients back

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20
Q

what separates the superior and inferior mediastinum

A

transverse thoracic plane

21
Q

where doess the thymus sit

A

on top of the heart

site of T cell maturation

22
Q

superior border of superior mediastinum

A

manubrium, superior thoracic aperture

23
Q

inferior border of superior mediastinum

A

transverse thoracic plane

24
Q

anterior border of superior mediastinum

A

manubrium

25
Q

posterior border of superior mediastinum

A

bodies of thoracic vertebrate

26
Q

lateral border of superior mediastinum

A

lungs and mediastinal pleura

27
Q

where is the central tendon of diaphragm when lying down and standing up

A

T9 - xiphisternal junction

T10 - middle of xiphoid process

28
Q

2 nerves supplying mediastinum

A

phrenic and vagus nerves

29
Q

nerve roots of phrenic

A

c3, c4,c5

30
Q

path of right phrenic nerve

A

lateral to right brachiocephalic vein and superior vena cava
crosses root of lung
leaves thoracic by passing through vena cava hiatus at T8
passes of right atrium

31
Q

path of left phrenic

A

over pericardium of left ventricle

along left side of left subclavian artery

32
Q

where is the transverse pericardial sinus

A

behind aorta and pulmonary trunk

used to stop or divert circulation of blood whilst performing surgery

33
Q

where is the oblique pericardial sinus

A

behind the heart

34
Q

what is an aortic sinus

A

small dilatations that occur just above the aortic valves (cusps)

35
Q

what is an orifice of a coronary artery

A

holes within the sinus

36
Q

muscle in the right atrium

A

musculi pectinati

37
Q

crest separating smooth and rough layer in RA

A

cristal terminalis

38
Q

surrounding the fossa ovalis

A

annulus

39
Q

which septum is the fossa ovalis found

A

interatrial

40
Q

muscle in the RV

A

trabeculae cranae

41
Q

what is the infundibulum

A

smooth walled entrance from RV to pulmonary artery

42
Q

what is the moderator band

A

carries fibres of right bundle branch

43
Q

how many orifices does the left atrium have

A

4- pulmonary veins

44
Q

what coronary vessels lie in the atrioventricular groove

A

right coronary artery
anterior cardiac vein
LAD

45
Q

what coronary vessels lie in the anterior interventricular groove

A

anterior interventricular artery

great cardiac vein

46
Q

coronary vessels in the posterior interventricular groove

A

posterior interventricular artery

middle cardiac vein

47
Q

right side of heart arteries

A

right coronary artery
posterior interventricular artery
marginal

48
Q

left side of heart arteries

A

left coronary artery
anterior IV
circumflex artery

49
Q

coronary veins

A

coronary sinus (drains into RA)
great cardiac vein
middle cardiac vein
small cardiac vein

SEM 2 ANATOMY (6 decks)

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