Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Anatomy 1 Maddy > Thorax > Flashcards

Thorax Flashcards

1
Q

The intercostal nerves, arteries, and veins are positioned ______ to the _______ __________ muscles.

A

Deep; Internal intecostal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The intercostal nerves, arteries, and veins are all positioned directly _________ to the ribs.

A

inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The internal thoracic artery is positioned _____________ to the first six costal cartilages.

A

posterior (deep)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the attachments of the external intercostal muscles?

A

From rib to rib oriented from superior-lateral to inferior-medial (down and in)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the actions of the external intercostal muscles?

A

elevation of ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the innervations of the external intercostal muscles?

A

Intercostal nerves (segmental)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the muscles of the thorax?

A

External intercostals, internal & innermost intercostals, transversus thoracic, and diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the attachments of the internal and innermost intercostal muscles?

A

From rib to rib oriented superior-medial to inferior-lateral (down and out)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the actions of the internal and innermost intercostal muscles?

A

depression of ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the innervation of the internal and innermost intercostal muscles?

A

intercostal nerves (segmental)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the attachments of the transversus thoracic muscle?

A

from posterior sternum to costal cartilages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the actions of the transversus thoracic muscle?

A

depress ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the innervation of the transversus thoracic muscle?

A

intercostal nerves (segmental)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the attachments of the diaphragm muscle?

A

from the xiphoid process, inner surface of the lower ribs & costal cartilages, lumbar vertebrae via the crura to the central tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the actions of the diaphragm muscle?

A

inspiration (negative thoracic pressure by inferior displacement)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the innervation and spinal segments of the diaphragm muscle?

A

phrenic nerve

C3 - C5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What houses the intercostal vein, artery, and nerve?

A

the costal groove of the shaft of the ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The grooves of which rib house the subclavian artery and vein?

A

first rib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Name the boundaries and general contents of the thoracic cavity

A

Posterior: Spine
Anterior: Sternum
Inferior: Diaphragm
Superior: Superior Thoracic Aperture (opening between the 1st rib, vertebral column, and sternum)

Contains primarily organs of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Name the compartments of the thoracic cavity

A

Superior mediastinum
Right pleural cavity (R lung)
Left pleural cavity (L lung)
Inferior mediastinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Describe the components and functions of the thoracic wall

A

Composed of skin, subcutaneous tissue, ribs, intercostal muscles

Functions: protection, respiration, and muscle attachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where is the thoracic wall located?

A

outside of the thoracic cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the three different types of ribs?

A

True 1-7
False 8-10
Floating 11, 12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What makes a rib a “true” rib?

A

direct cartilaginous attachment to the sternum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What makes a rib a “false” rib?

A

Indirect connection to the sternum (the costal cartilage coalesce prior to attaching to the sternum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What makes a rib a “floating” rib?

A

No attachment to the sternum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Describe the general structure of a rib.

A

A single thoracic vertebra articulates with a pair of ribs.

Most medially is the head of the rib, then a neck, a costal tubercle, a costal angle (the sharp bending of the rib from medio/lateral to anterior/posterior), the shaft of the rib which then connects to the sternum via cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Name the three rib joints and their synovial classification.

A

Costovertebral (head of rib to the vertebral body)

Costotransverse (costal tubercle to the transverse process)

Sternocostal (sternum to costal cartilage)

All plane or gliding classification

29
Q

Explain the unique landmarks of the first rib

A

Scalene tubercle - a swelling as a result of the attachment to the anterior scalene muscle

Groove for subclavian artery (posterior to tubercle)

Groove for the subclavian vein (anterior to tubercle)

30
Q

Describe the unique landmarks of the sternum

A

Formed from 3 separate pieces that have fused

Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid process

31
Q

Subclavian vein is __________ to subclavian artery,

A

anterior

32
Q

What are the bony features of the manubrium of the sternum?

A

Jugular notch and clavicular notch/facet

33
Q

What are the bony features of the body of the sternum?

A

Sternal angle (interphase joint between manubrium and the body), costal notches/facets

34
Q

Where does the second rib attach to the sternum?

A

sternal angle between manubrium and body of the sternum

35
Q

The neurovasculature is positioned _________ the innermost intercostal muscle and the internal intercostal muscle.

A

between

36
Q

What are the respiratory movements during inspiration and respiration for the medial &lateral dimensions?

A

Inspiration:
Ribs elevate and move the middle of shaft laterally (bucket handle) resulting in a larger thoracic cavity laterally

Expiration:
Ribs depress and move middle of shaft medially resulting in a reduction in the size of the thoracic cavity

37
Q

What are the respiratory movements during inspiration and respiration for the anterior & posterior dimensions?

A

Inspiration:
Ribs elevate and move sternum upward and forward (pump handle)

Expiration:
Ribs depress and move sternum downard and backward reducing the thoracic cavity volume

38
Q

What is the goal of respiration?

A

Decrease volume of the thoracic cavity

39
Q

What is the goal inspiration?

A

Increase volume of the thoracic cavity

40
Q

An intercostal nerve is another name for the __________ of a thoracic spinal nerve.

A

Ventral ramus

41
Q

Describe the naming convention of the intercostal nerves T1-T12.

A

Intercostal nn. (T1-6)
Upper intercostal nn,

Thoracoabdominal nn. (T2-11)
Lower intercostal nn.

Subcostal n. (T12)

42
Q

The subcostal nerve is found ________ to the 12th rib.

A

inferior

43
Q

The subcostal nerve is the _________ of the 12th thoracic spinal nerve.

A

Ventral ramus

44
Q

What structure serves as a boundary between the thoracic and abdominal cavities?

A

Diaphragm

45
Q

The 9th rib has indirect cartilaginous attachment to the sternum, making it what type of rib?

A

False

46
Q

What rib joint is formed between the head of the rib and the body of the vertebra?

A

Costovertebral

47
Q

What bony landmark is formed at the union of the manubrium and body of the sternum?

A

Sternal angle

48
Q

What dermatome of the thorax corresponds to skin over the xiphoid process?

A

T6

49
Q

What are the functions and spinal segments of the phrenic nerve?

A

C3-5
Provides sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation to the pericardium & central tendon (& adjacent pleura & peritoneum)

Provides motor & postganglionic sympathetic innervation to the diaphragm

50
Q

During contraction, the diaphragm muscle becomes very ______ and ________ displaced.

A

flat; inferiorly

51
Q

What are the respiratory movements during inspiration and respiration for the vertical dimension?

A

Inspiration: The diaphragm contracts/displaces inferiorly (depression) allowing the thoracic cavity to enlarge.

Expiration: Diaphragm relaxes and returns to domelike shape, so air is forced out of the lungs d/t reduced size in cavity.

52
Q

What are the three dimensions of if respiratory movement?

A

Vertical
Medial/Lateral
Anterior/Posterior

53
Q

What are the functions and spinal segments of the subcostal nerve?

A

T12
Provides sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervations to the skin overlying the lateral and anterior abdominal wall & muscles of the anterior abdominal wall

Provides motor innervation to muscles of the anterior abdominal wall

54
Q

What are the 5 thoracic spinal nerves, and do they branch from the dorsal or ventral primary rami.

A

Ventral primary rami: intercostal, thoracoabdominal, and subcostal nerves

Dorsal primary rami: medial branch and lateral branch

55
Q

What are the functions of the medial branch of the dorsal primary ramus?

A

Provide sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation to the back muscles & overlying skin

Provides motor innervation of the midline of the deep back muscles and facet joints

56
Q

What are the functions of the lateral branch of the dorsal primary ramus?

A

Provide sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation to the back muscles & overlying skin

Provides motor innervation of deep and superficial back muscles.

57
Q

What are the functions, spinal segments, and branches of the intercostal nerves?

A

T1-6
Provides sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation to intercostal muscles, parietal pleura & skin,

Provides motor innervation to intercostal muscles

Branches:
Lateral cutaneous br
Anterior cutaneous br
Collateral br
Intercostobrachial nerve (T2 only)
58
Q

What are the functions of the lateral cutaneous branch of the intercostal nerves?

A

Sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation of skin overlying the lateral aspect of intercostal space

59
Q

What are the functions of the anterior cutaneous branch of the intercostal nerves?

A

Sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation of skin overlying the anterior aspect of intercostal space

60
Q

What are the functions of the collateral branch of the intercostal nerves?

A

redundant with the remainder of nerve

[not sure what this means, but it’s off the structure info list]

61
Q

What are the functions and spinal segments of the intercostobrachial nerve? Where does it branch off?

A

Sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation of skin overlying proximal & medial aspect of arm

T2 only

Branches off the upper intercostal nerves

62
Q

What are the functions, spinal segments, and branches of the thoracoabdominal nerves?

A

T7-11
Sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation to intercostal muscles, anterio abdominal muscles, peripheral diaphragm, and parietal pleura

Motor innervation of intercostal muscles and muscles of anterior abdominal wall

Branches:
Lateral cutaneous br
Anterior cutaneous br
Collateral br

63
Q

Upper intercostals nerves are also known as ___________.

A

Intercostal nerves

64
Q

Lower intercostal nerves are also known as ____________.

A

Thoracoabdominal

65
Q

What is the function of the lateral cutaneous branch of the thoracoabdominal nerves?

A

Sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation of skin overlying the lateral aspect of intercostal space & adjacent anterior abdominal wall

66
Q

What is the function of the anterior cutaneous branch of the thoracoabdominal nerves?

A

Sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation of skin overlying the rectus abdominis muscle

67
Q

What is the function of the collateral branch of the thoracoabdominal nerves?

A

Redundant with remainder of nerve

68
Q

What dermatome of the thorax corresponds to skin over the nipple?

A

T4

69
Q

What dermatome of the thorax corresponds to skin over the umbilicus?

A

T10

Clinical Anatomy 1 Maddy (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions