Face and Parotid Region Flashcards
Does not include drawings
Identify the sinus cavities of the skull.
Frontal sinus
Ethmoid sinus
Sphenoidal sinus (posterior to ethmoid)
Maxillary sinus
The sinus cavities of the skull are also know as ____________.
The paranasal sinuses
The product of the paranasal sinuses is ________, and it drains into the ___________.
mucous; nasal cavity
Name the bones that form the floor of the orbit.
Maxilla bone
Zygomatic bone
Names the bones that form the roof of the orbit.
Frontal bone
Lesser wing of the sphenoid bone
Name the bones that form the medial wall of the orbit.
Ethmoid bone
Lacrimal bone
Name the bones that form the lateral wall of the orbit.
Greater wing of the sphenoid bone
Zygomatic bone
Which orbital wall bone is the thinnest and breaks during a blowout fracture of the orbit, allowing orbital fat into the maxillary sinus.
Maxilla
What structures can be damaged during a blowout fracture of the orbit?
Infraorbital nerve and artery
Which facial expression muscles produce raised eyebrows and a wrinkled forehead?
frontalis muscle (occipitofrontalis)
Which facial expression muscles produce a wink or blinking?
orbicularis oculi
Which facial expression muscles produce flared nostrils?
levator labii superioris and the alar part of the nasalis muscle
Which facial expression muscles produce a cheek bubble?
orbicularis oris and buccinator muscles
Which facial expression muscles produce a smile?
zygomatic minor and major
Which facial expression muscles produce dilation of the mouth?
zygomatic minor and major and risorius (not on the structure info list) muscles
Which facial expression muscles produce puckering lips?
orbicularis oris
Which facial expression muscles produce a frown?
depressor anguli oris
Which facial expression muscles produce tension of the skin of the neck?
platysma muscle
Which facial expression muscles produce separated lips?
levator labii superioris and depressor labii inferioris
What are the attachments, actions, and innervation of the orbicularis oculi muscle?
From the orbital margin & medial palpebral ligament to the superficial fascia of the eyelid
A palpebral sphincter (closes the eyes)
Temporal & Zygomatic branches of the Facial nerve (CN VII)
What are the attachments, actions, and innervation of the orbicular oris muscle?
From the angle of the mouth to the superficial fascia of the upper lip
An oral sphincter (closes the mouth)
Buccal & Mandubular branches of the Facial nerve
What are the attachments, actions, and innervation of the zygomatic major muscle?
From the zygomatic bone to the angle of the mouth
Raises the buccal angle
Buccal & Zygomatic branches of the Facial nerve
What are the attachments, actions, and innervation of the levator labii superioris?
From the inferior orbital margin to the lateral aspect of the upper lip
Raises and everts the upper lip
Buccal & Zygomatic branches of the Facial nerve
What are the attachments, actions, and innervation of the depressor anguli oris muscle?
From the mandible to the buccal angle
Depresses the buccal angle laterally
Buccal & Mandibular branches of the Facial nerve
What are the attachments, actions, and innervation of the buccinator muscle?
From the alveolar processes of the maxilla and mandible, pterygoid hamulus & pterygomandibular raphe to the buccal angle
Compress cheeks
Buccal branch of the facial nerve
What are the attachments, actions, and innervation of the platysma muscle?
From the lower border of the mandible to the superficial fascia of the skin of the neck overlying the clavicle
Wrinkles the anterior nuchal skin
Cervical branch of the Facial nerve
What are the attachments, actions, and innervation of the frontalis muscle?
From the superficial fascia of the eyebrows to the epicranial aponeurosis
Protracts the scalp or elevates the eyebrows and nose
Temporal branch of the Facial nerve
What are the attachments, actions, and innervation of the nasalis muscle?
From the maxilla lateral and inferior to the nasal notch to the bridge & ala of the nose
Transverse fibers compress
Alar fibers widen the nasal aperture
Buccal branch of the Facial nerve
What are the craniofacial muscles?
Frontalis Orbicularis oculi Nasalis Buccinator Zygomaticus major Orbicularis oris Levator labii superioris Depressor labii inferioris Depressor anguli oris Platysma
The common carotid artery bifurcates into the internal and external carotid arteries at the __________.
hyoid bone
The __________________ forms at the union of the superficial temporal and maxillary veins.
Retromandibular vein
The retromandibular vein divides in anterior and posterior divisions at the ___________.
mandible
The ________ division of the retromandibular vein and the common facial vein join together to form the ____________.
anterior division; internal jugular vein
The __________ division of the reromandibular vein and the posterior auricular vein join together to form the ____________________.
posterior divison; external jugular vein
The _____________ veins allow communication between the 2 venous plexuses of the head and beck.
Sphenoidal emissary veins
What are the 2 venous plexuses of the head and neck, and where are they located?
Pterygoid plexus in intercranial.
Cavernous sinus plexus is extracranial.
The _______ plexus drains into the _______ plexus.
Pterygoid plexus drains into the Cavernous plexus via the sphenoidal emissary veins
The left and right vertebral arteries come together to form the _________.
Basilar artery
80% of the time, the vertebral artery does not pass through __________.
The transverse process of C7
What are the superficial nodes of the head, and what do they drain into?
Occipital Mastoid Parotid Facial Retropharyngeal
-All drain into the superior deep cervical node, which drains into the inferior deep cervical node
What are the superficial cervical lymph nodes, and what do they drain into.
Submandibular - drains into superior deep cervical node
Submental
Anterior cervical
Lateral cervical
-Drain into the inferior deep cervical node
What arteries supply the thyroid, and where do they branch off?
Superior thyroid artery off of the external carotid a.
Inferior thyroid artery off of the thryocervical trunk
The __________ branches off the _________ and bifurcates into internal and external carotid arteries.
On the right side, it branches off of the __________.
Left common carotid; the arch of the aorta
Braciocepehalic Trunk
What are branches of the external carotid, and which one is the terminal branch?
Ascending pharyngeal a.
Occipital a.
Posterior Auricular a.
Superficial temporal a. (terminal)
Superior thyroid a.
Lingual a.
Facial a.
Maxillary a. (through the infratemporal fossa)
What structures make up the cerebral arterial circle?
L&R posterior cerebral arteries L&R posterior communicating arteries L&R internal carotids L&R anterior cerebral arteries the anterior communicating artery
What accounts for 80% of the blood supply to the brain?
internal carotid arteries
What accounts for 20% of blood supply to the brain?
the vertebral arteries
The venous blood(dural sinuses) of the brain drains into the internal jugular vein through the __________.
jugular foramen (sigmoid sinus and inferior petrosal sinus directly drain into IJ)
On the left side, the inferior deep cervical lymph node drains into the L jugular trunk, to the ______________, and then to the jugulosubclavian junction.
Thoracic duct
On the right side, the inferior deep cervical lymoh node drains into the R jugular trunk, to the _____________, and then to the jugulosubclavian junction.
R lymphatic duct
