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Clinical Anatomy 1 Maddy > Face and Parotid Region > Flashcards

Face and Parotid Region Flashcards

Does not include drawings

1
Q

Identify the sinus cavities of the skull.

A

Frontal sinus
Ethmoid sinus
Sphenoidal sinus (posterior to ethmoid)
Maxillary sinus

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2
Q

The sinus cavities of the skull are also know as ____________.

A

The paranasal sinuses

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3
Q

The product of the paranasal sinuses is ________, and it drains into the ___________.

A

mucous; nasal cavity

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4
Q

Name the bones that form the floor of the orbit.

A

Maxilla bone

Zygomatic bone

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5
Q

Names the bones that form the roof of the orbit.

A

Frontal bone

Lesser wing of the sphenoid bone

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6
Q

Name the bones that form the medial wall of the orbit.

A

Ethmoid bone

Lacrimal bone

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7
Q

Name the bones that form the lateral wall of the orbit.

A

Greater wing of the sphenoid bone

Zygomatic bone

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8
Q

Which orbital wall bone is the thinnest and breaks during a blowout fracture of the orbit, allowing orbital fat into the maxillary sinus.

A

Maxilla

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9
Q

What structures can be damaged during a blowout fracture of the orbit?

A

Infraorbital nerve and artery

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10
Q

Which facial expression muscles produce raised eyebrows and a wrinkled forehead?

A

frontalis muscle (occipitofrontalis)

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11
Q

Which facial expression muscles produce a wink or blinking?

A

orbicularis oculi

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12
Q

Which facial expression muscles produce flared nostrils?

A

levator labii superioris and the alar part of the nasalis muscle

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13
Q

Which facial expression muscles produce a cheek bubble?

A

orbicularis oris and buccinator muscles

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14
Q

Which facial expression muscles produce a smile?

A

zygomatic minor and major

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15
Q

Which facial expression muscles produce dilation of the mouth?

A 
zygomatic minor and major
and risorius (not on the structure info list) muscles
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16
Q

Which facial expression muscles produce puckering lips?

A

orbicularis oris

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17
Q

Which facial expression muscles produce a frown?

A

depressor anguli oris

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18
Q

Which facial expression muscles produce tension of the skin of the neck?

A

platysma muscle

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19
Q

Which facial expression muscles produce separated lips?

A

levator labii superioris and depressor labii inferioris

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20
Q

What are the attachments, actions, and innervation of the orbicularis oculi muscle?

A

From the orbital margin & medial palpebral ligament to the superficial fascia of the eyelid

A palpebral sphincter (closes the eyes)

Temporal & Zygomatic branches of the Facial nerve (CN VII)

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21
Q

What are the attachments, actions, and innervation of the orbicular oris muscle?

A

From the angle of the mouth to the superficial fascia of the upper lip

An oral sphincter (closes the mouth)

Buccal & Mandubular branches of the Facial nerve

22
Q

What are the attachments, actions, and innervation of the zygomatic major muscle?

A

From the zygomatic bone to the angle of the mouth

Raises the buccal angle

Buccal & Zygomatic branches of the Facial nerve

23
Q

What are the attachments, actions, and innervation of the levator labii superioris?

A

From the inferior orbital margin to the lateral aspect of the upper lip

Raises and everts the upper lip

Buccal & Zygomatic branches of the Facial nerve

24
Q

What are the attachments, actions, and innervation of the depressor anguli oris muscle?

A

From the mandible to the buccal angle

Depresses the buccal angle laterally

Buccal & Mandibular branches of the Facial nerve

25
Q

What are the attachments, actions, and innervation of the buccinator muscle?

A

From the alveolar processes of the maxilla and mandible, pterygoid hamulus & pterygomandibular raphe to the buccal angle

Compress cheeks

Buccal branch of the facial nerve

26
Q

What are the attachments, actions, and innervation of the platysma muscle?

A

From the lower border of the mandible to the superficial fascia of the skin of the neck overlying the clavicle

Wrinkles the anterior nuchal skin

Cervical branch of the Facial nerve

27
Q

What are the attachments, actions, and innervation of the frontalis muscle?

A

From the superficial fascia of the eyebrows to the epicranial aponeurosis

Protracts the scalp or elevates the eyebrows and nose

Temporal branch of the Facial nerve

28
Q

What are the attachments, actions, and innervation of the nasalis muscle?

A

From the maxilla lateral and inferior to the nasal notch to the bridge & ala of the nose

Transverse fibers compress
Alar fibers widen the nasal aperture

Buccal branch of the Facial nerve

29
Q

What are the craniofacial muscles?

A 
Frontalis
Orbicularis oculi
Nasalis
Buccinator
Zygomaticus major
Orbicularis oris
Levator labii superioris
Depressor labii inferioris
Depressor anguli oris
Platysma
30
Q

The common carotid artery bifurcates into the internal and external carotid arteries at the __________.

A

hyoid bone

31
Q

The __________________ forms at the union of the superficial temporal and maxillary veins.

A

Retromandibular vein

32
Q

The retromandibular vein divides in anterior and posterior divisions at the ___________.

A

mandible

33
Q

The ________ division of the retromandibular vein and the common facial vein join together to form the ____________.

A

anterior division; internal jugular vein

34
Q

The __________ division of the reromandibular vein and the posterior auricular vein join together to form the ____________________.

A

posterior divison; external jugular vein

35
Q

The _____________ veins allow communication between the 2 venous plexuses of the head and beck.

A

Sphenoidal emissary veins

36
Q

What are the 2 venous plexuses of the head and neck, and where are they located?

A

Pterygoid plexus in intercranial.

Cavernous sinus plexus is extracranial.

37
Q

The _______ plexus drains into the _______ plexus.

A

Pterygoid plexus drains into the Cavernous plexus via the sphenoidal emissary veins

38
Q

The left and right vertebral arteries come together to form the _________.

A

Basilar artery

39
Q

80% of the time, the vertebral artery does not pass through __________.

A

The transverse process of C7

40
Q

What are the superficial nodes of the head, and what do they drain into?

A 
Occipital
Mastoid
Parotid
Facial
Retropharyngeal

-All drain into the superior deep cervical node, which drains into the inferior deep cervical node

41
Q

What are the superficial cervical lymph nodes, and what do they drain into.

A

Submandibular - drains into superior deep cervical node

Submental
Anterior cervical
Lateral cervical
-Drain into the inferior deep cervical node

42
Q

What arteries supply the thyroid, and where do they branch off?

A

Superior thyroid artery off of the external carotid a.

Inferior thyroid artery off of the thryocervical trunk

43
Q

The __________ branches off the _________ and bifurcates into internal and external carotid arteries.

On the right side, it branches off of the __________.

A

Left common carotid; the arch of the aorta

Braciocepehalic Trunk

44
Q

What are branches of the external carotid, and which one is the terminal branch?

A

Ascending pharyngeal a.
Occipital a.
Posterior Auricular a.
Superficial temporal a. (terminal)

Superior thyroid a.
Lingual a.
Facial a.
Maxillary a. (through the infratemporal fossa)

45
Q

What structures make up the cerebral arterial circle?

A 
L&R posterior cerebral arteries
L&R posterior communicating arteries
L&R internal carotids
L&R anterior cerebral arteries
the anterior communicating artery
46
Q

What accounts for 80% of the blood supply to the brain?

A

internal carotid arteries

47
Q

What accounts for 20% of blood supply to the brain?

A

the vertebral arteries

48
Q

The venous blood(dural sinuses) of the brain drains into the internal jugular vein through the __________.

A 
jugular foramen
(sigmoid sinus and inferior petrosal sinus directly drain into IJ)
49
Q

On the left side, the inferior deep cervical lymph node drains into the L jugular trunk, to the ______________, and then to the jugulosubclavian junction.

A

Thoracic duct

50
Q

On the right side, the inferior deep cervical lymoh node drains into the R jugular trunk, to the _____________, and then to the jugulosubclavian junction.

A

R lymphatic duct

Clinical Anatomy 1 Maddy (8 decks)

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