Thorax Flashcards
How many pairs of floating ribs are there?
2 pairs of floating ribs - 11th & 12th
How many branches come off the 3rd part of the subclavian artery?
Zero branches
Which nerve runs anterior to the left hilum of vessels in the thorax?
Phrenic nerve (C3-5)
Which artery supplies the medial aspect of the breast?
Perforating mammary branches of the internal mammary artery
Which structures are found at the Angle of Louis?
1) Origin of arch of aorta
2) Underside of arch of aorta
3) Origin of descending aorta
4) Left recurrent laryngeal nerve (from CN X) passing inferior to the arch of aorta
5) Azygous vein entering into SVC
6) Bifurcation of trachea
7) Bifurcation of pulmonary trunk
8) Remnants of / thymus gland
Under which structure does the right recurrent laryngeal nerve (CN X) pass under?
Right subclavian artery (medial to the right vertebral artery)
Which muscle does the subclavian artery travel posterior to?
Anterior scalene muscle
Which is the first branch of the subclavian artery to descend into the thorax?
Internal thoracic/mammary artery
Which structure is the first branch of the subclavian artery?
Vertebral artery
From which aspect (the first branch of the first part) of the subclavian artery does the vertebral artery arise from?
Posterolateral aspect
How many parts of the vertebral artery are there?
4 parts
What landmark demarcates the distal end of the subclavian artery?
Lateral border of 3rd part of subclavian artery
What is the arterial supply of the breast?
1) Internal thoracic
2) Lateral thoracic
3) Thoraco-acromial
4) intercostal (internal thoracic)
What are the attachments for the suspensory ligaments of Cooper?
Deep fascia to dermis
How many lobes are there in a normal breast?
15-20
Upon which muscles does the breast lie on?
1) Pectoralis Major
2) Serratus Anterior
3) External Oblique
4) Tail of Spence may also lie on Pectoralis Minor
On which ribs does the breast lie on?
Ribs 2-6 in mid-clavicular line
Which fascial layer does the capsule of the breast relate to?
Thickened Scarpa’s fascia
What structures are in the anterior mediastinum?
1) Thymic remnants
2) Lymph nodes
3) Fat
What structures are in the middle mediastinum?
1) Pericardium
2) Heart
3) Aortic root
4) Arch of azygos vein
5) Main bronchi
What structures are in the posterior mediastinum?
1) Oesophagus
2) Thoracic aorta
3) Azygos vein
4) Thoracic duct
5) Vagus nerve
6) Sympathetic nerve trunks
7) Splanchnic nerves
What structures are in the superior mediastinum?
1) Superior vena cava
2) Brachiocephalic veins
3) Arch of aorta
4) Thoracic duct
5) Trachea
6) Oesophagus
7) Thymus
8) Vagus nerve
9) Left recurrent laryngeal nerve
10) Phrenic nerve
What are the structures found in the right atrium?
1) Musculi pectinati
2) Crista terminalis
3) Opening of the coronary sinus
4) Fossa ovalis
5) Tricuspid valve
How many cusps do the following valves have?
1) Mitral
2) Aortic
3) Pulmonary
4) Tricuspid
1) 2
2-4) 3
