Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AS-II Module-II > Thoracic wall and muscles of respiration > Flashcards

Thoracic wall and muscles of respiration Flashcards

1
Q

Dorsal body cavities

A

Cranial(contains brain)

Vertebral(contains spinal cord)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ventral body cavities

A

Thoracic
Abdominal
Pelvic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Is there something that physically divides the thoracic and abdominal cavities? If so what is it?

A

Yes, The diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Is there something that physically divides the pelvic and abdominal cavities? If so what is it?

A

No!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The thoracic cavity’s compartments

A

a pair of pulmonary cavities and a mediastinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Thoracic cage(describe)

A

Bony structure of the thorax that includes 12 thoracic vertebrae, 12 pairs of ribs and costal cartilage, and the Sternum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Thoracic cage function

A

Protects the heart and lungs
Serves as attachment site for muscles(including muscles of respiration)
Flexible due to costal cartilage and joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Levels of the vertebrae(including number of each one)

A

7 Cervical, 12 Thoracic, 5 Lumbar, 5 Sacral(fused), 4 Coccygeal(fused)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the intervertebral discs made out of ?

A

Annulus fibrosus- Fibrocartilage rings

Nucleus pulposa: inner gelatinous material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What type of joint is between the bony vertebra and the intervertebral disc?

A

Symphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

lordosis

A

Concave posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

kyphosis

A

Convex posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which sections of the vertebral column have lordosis?

A

Cervical and Lumbar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which sections of the vertebral column have kyphosis?

A

Thoracic and Sacral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Primary vs secondary curves of the spine

A

Primary develop during fetal development.

Secondary develop after birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

List secondary curves of the spine

A

Cervical and Lumbar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

List primary curves of the spine

A

Sacral and Thoracic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What structure goes through the Intervertebral foramen?

A

Spinal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What structure goes through the vertebral foramen?

A

Spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Differences between the Lumbar and Thoracic vertebra?

A
  • Lumbar has a larger body( Body get bigger superior to inferior.
  • Spinous process of the thoracic is longer and angled(to prevent excess movement of the thorax
  • Location of the facets. Thoracic has costal facets on the body and transverse process but the Lumbar does not have costal facets.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How many ribs and costal cartilage are there ?

A

12 Pairs of ribs and costal cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Which ribs are “typical ribs”?

A

Ribs 3-9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the parts of the ribs?

A
  • Head
  • Neck
  • Tubercle
  • Angle
  • Costal groove
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Function of the Rib head

A

It has 2 facets that articulate with the body of the corresponding vertebra and the vertebra superior to it.
i.e Rib 7 articulates with the body of T7 and T6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Function of the Tubercle

A

One articular facet for articulation with the transverse process of the corresponding vertebra
i.e Rib 7 articulates with transverse process of T7

26
Q

Function of the costal groove

A

It houses the Intercostal vein, artery and nerve.

27
Q

Which ribs are atypical

A

Ribs 1&2, 10-12

28
Q

What are true ribs and which ribs are true?

A

They have costal cartilage attachments directly to the sternum.
Ribs 1-7

29
Q

What are false ribs and which ribs are false?

A

Are indirectly connected to the sternum by attaching they’re own costal cartilage to others.
Ribs 8-10

30
Q

What are floating ribs and which ribs are floating?

A

They do not attach to the sternum

Ribs 11 & 12

31
Q

Costal margin

A

The cartilaginous border formed by costal cartilages

32
Q

Costochondral joints

A

Ribs with costal cartilage

-synchondrosis

33
Q

Sternocostal joints

A

Sternum with costal cartilage

  • 1st rib: Synchondrosis
  • 2nd-7th: synovial
34
Q

Parts of the sternum

A
  • Manubrium
  • Body
  • Xiphoid process
35
Q

Manubrium(parts and location)

A 
Jugular notch(suprasternal notch)(superior part)
Sternal angle(manubriosternal joint)(inferior part)
-Manubrium is the superior part of the sternum
36
Q

Costal notches

A

Located on the body of he sternum for articulation with the costal cartilages

37
Q

Pectoralis major (innervation and action)

A
  • Medial and lateral pectoral nerve
  • Main action upper extremities
  • Accessory muscle of respiration (forced inspiration)
38
Q

Pectoralis major (Attachment)

A

Proximal attachment:
-Clavicular head: Medial 1/2 of the clavical
-Sternocostal head: anterior surface of the sternum and costal cartilages 1-6
Distal attachment: Lateral lip of ther intertubercular groove of the humerus

39
Q

Serratus anterior(innervation and action)

A
  • Long thoracic nerve
  • main action UE
  • Accessory muscle of respiration(Forced inspiration)
40
Q

Serratus anterior(attachment)

A

Proximal attachment: external surface of ribs 1-8

Distal attachment: anterior surface of the medial order of the scapula

41
Q

Where are the nerves usually attached to on a certain muscle?

A

They usually attached inferiorly except on the serratus anterior which has the long thoracic nerve connected anterior to the muscle

42
Q

Pectoralis minor(innervation and action)

A
  • Medial pectoral nerve

- Accessory muscle of respiration (forced inspiration)

43
Q

Pectoralis minor(attachement)

A

Proximal attachment: External surface of ribs 3-5

Distal attachment: Coracoid process of the scapula

44
Q

Subclavius(Innervation and action)

A
  • nerve to subclavius(yes, that’s the actual name)

- Accessory muscle of respiration(forced inspiration), moves the 1st rib

45
Q

Subclavius(attachment)

A

Proximal:1st rib
Distal: clavicle(middle 1/3rd)

46
Q

Intercostal muscles (list)

A

(Superficial to deep)

  • External intercostal muscles
  • Internal intercostal muscles
  • Innermost intercostal muscles
47
Q

Fiber direction of the intercostal muscles

A

(anteriorly)

  • External is suprolateral to inferomedial (like putting your hands in your pocket)
  • Internal is supromedial to inferolateral(perpendicular to the external)
  • Innermost same way as the internal
48
Q

Location of the intercostal muscles

A
  • External: from turbercle of the rib to the costochondral junction(replaced anteriorly with external intercostal membrane)
  • Internal: angles of ribs to sternum(replaces posteriorly with internal intercostal membrane)
  • Innermost: only present laterally
49
Q

Subcostal muscles

A

Cross between two intercostal spaces(internal aspect of the thoracic wall)

50
Q

Transversus thoracis

A

4-5 muscle slips on the internal aspect of the anterior thoracic wall(aka internal aspect of the sternum)

51
Q

what is in the costal groove and what is their order?

A

There is the intercostal vein, artery and nerve in between the internal and innermost intercostal muscles.
-Superior to inferior Vein, Artery, then Nerve(VAN)

52
Q

Nerves in the costal groove and their levels

A

T1-T11 are called intercostal nerves

T12 is called subcostal

53
Q

Origin of intercostal arteries

A

Posterior: Aorta
Anterior: arise from the internal thoracic artery (branch of the subclavian)

54
Q

Where do the intercostal veins empty to?

A

Posterior: empty into the azygous venous system
Anterior: empty into the internal thoracic veins

55
Q

Diaphragm(action/function, innervation)

A
  • Major muscle of respiration
  • Separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities
  • Innervated by the phrenic nerve. C3,4,5 keeps you alive.
56
Q

Diaphragm(attachment)

A

Xiphoid process, lower ribs and costocartilages, lumbar vertebra(L1-L3)

57
Q

Opening of the diaphragm and location

A
  • Caval (IVC) opening (T8)
  • Esophageal hiatus(T10)
  • Aortic hiatus(T12)
  • *I(IVC) ate(T8) ten(T10) eggs(esophageal) at(aortic) twelve(T12)**
58
Q

Movement of the thoracic cage during forced respiration.

A

Forced inspiration: Ribs move superiorly and laterally

Forced expiration: Ribs move inferiorly and medially

59
Q

Muscles of inspiration and function

A

Primary: Diaphragm
Principal:
-External intercostal(maintain tone of intercostal spaces and elevate ribs increasing thoracic cavity dimensions)
-Internal intercostals(intercondral part)(function same as external)
Accessory: Pectoralis major and minor, and serratus anterior

60
Q

Muscles of expiration

A

Quiet breathing: Expiration is from passive recoil of the lungs.
Forced expiration: Internal intercostals (interosseous part), subcostal muscles, Transversus thoracis, abdominals, rectus abdominus, External and internal abdominal obliques, and transversus abdominus

AS-II Module-II (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions