Thoracic Wall

Question 1

Suprasternal (jugular notch)

Answer 1

starts at larynx, go down to sternum

sits in plane between T2 and T3

Question 2

Sternal Angle of Louis

Answer 2

at level of 2nd rib. Inferior to jugular notch

Question 3

Xiphoid process

Answer 3

at level of T9-T10. Begins to ossify at about 40 years old. Can curve inward or outward

Question 4

Root spine of scaupla

Answer 4

on medial border at wall of T4. Points inferiorly to thorax

Question 5

Inferior angle of scapula

Answer 5

pointy thing at the bottom

Question 6

Midsternal line

Answer 6

straight down midline

Question 7

midclavical line

Answer 7

midway in clavical

Question 8

scapular line

Answer 8

goes right through the inferior angle of scapula

Question 9

anterior axillary line

Answer 9

slightly lateral to nipple

Question 10

midaxillary line

Answer 10

goes straight through middle of armpit. chest tubes get put here

Question 11

posterior axillary line

Answer 11

posterior to midaxillary line, over latissimis dorsi

Question 12

Borders of thoracic aperture

Answer 12

body of T1, rib 1 , manubrial-costal join (costal notch), superasteral notch

Question 13

manubrium

Answer 13

starts at T2, goes to T4/T5 where it joins the body

Question 14

Thoracic outlet/inferior thoracic aperture consists of

Answer 14

consists of diaphragm, openings for abdominal aorta, vena cava and esophagus

Question 15

Thoracic outlet/inferior thoracic aperture borders

Answer 15

xiphisternal joint, subcostal margin, 12th rib, vertebra 12

Question 16

True Ribs

Answer 16

1st 7 pairs. directly attach to sternum

Question 17

False ribs

Answer 17

8-10 don’t attach directly. 11 and 12 are floating

Question 18

Sternocostal Joint

Answer 18

primary cartilagenous joint. Will ossify later in life

Question 19

Sternoclavicular joint

Answer 19

synovial/saddle type joint. only bony attachment of upper limb to axial skeleton

Question 20

manubristernal and xiphisternal joints

Answer 20

secondary cartilagenous. immovable

Question 21

Where are breasts located in men

Answer 21

4th intercostal space

Question 22

Parts of the breast

Answer 22

pectoralis major, serratus anterior, areola, nipple

Question 23

Which quadrant is the axillary tail located on the breast

Answer 23

superolateral

Question 24

Lactiferous glands

Answer 24

secrete milk into lactiferous duct system

Question 25

Sinus (ampulla) does what in lactation

Answer 25

stores a small amount of fluid so that a continuous amount of fluid is provided for the baby

Question 26

lactiferous duct

Answer 26

opens into the nipple

Question 27

Reteromammary space

Answer 27

deep to mammary gland and superficial to deep fascia of muscle. allows for breast movement

Question 28

suspensory (cooper's) ligament

Answer 28

suspends glands from dermis on thoracic wall. Stretches over time - which results in saggy boobs. When tumors press on these ligaments it causes dimpling

Question 29

Arteries of mammary gland

Answer 29

pectoral branches of thoracoacromal trunk laternal thoracic artery internal thoracic artery

Question 30

Lymph vessels and nodes of mammary gland

Answer 30

central axillary nodes apical axillary nodes parastemal nodes

Question 31

Where do most breast cancers go

Answer 31

apical axillary nodes to the armpit

Question 32

Origin of pectoralis major

Answer 32

clavicle, and sternum

Question 33

Insertion of pectoralis major

Answer 33

lateral lip of intertuberullar groove, latissmus dorsi

Question 34

Innervation of pectoralis major

Answer 34

medial and lateral pectoral nerves

Question 35

origin of seerratus anterior

Answer 35

upper 8 or 9 ribs

Question 36

insertion of serratus anterior

Answer 36

anterior medial border of scapula

Question 37

innervation of serratus anterior

Answer 37

long thoracic nerve

Question 38

origin of pectoralis minor

Answer 38

ribs 3,4,5

Question 39

insertion of pectoralis minor

Answer 39

scapula, coracoid process

Question 40

innervation of pectoralis mino

Answer 40

medial pectoral nerve

Question 41

Function of external intercostal m

Answer 41

elevates

Question 42

How do muscle fibers of external intercostal run

Answer 42

anteroinferiorly

Question 43

Function of internal intercostal m

Answer 43

depresses bony rib portion. elevates costal cartilage partion.

Question 44

How do muscle fibers of internal intercostal m run

Answer 44

posteoinferiorly

Question 45

Function of inner most intercostal m

Answer 45

elevation

Question 46

How do transverse thoracis m run

Answer 46

superiorly/laterally

Question 47

Muscles of respiration

Answer 47

anything that attaches to ribs can be recruited in active breathing. Quite breathing is 8-% diaphragm and 20% intercostals.

Question 48

Exhalation

Answer 48

relaxation

Question 49

Intercostal n

Answer 49

at costal groove typical spinal nerve runs between internal and innermost layers of muscle

Question 50

thoraco-abdominal n

Answer 50

T5-Tii | starts as intercostal and ends up at abdomin

Question 51

Internal thoracic a

Answer 51

branch of subclavin. left one is used in bypass surgery

Question 52

Thoracic aorta

Answer 52

to left of vertebral column

Question 53

Superior intercostal a

Answer 53

in 1st 2 intercostal spaces (from costocervical trunk) Superior thoracic a both help supply intercostal space

Question 54

Axygous vein

Answer 54

drains everything from thoracic cavity up and into superior vena cava

Question 55

Parietal pleura

Answer 55

firmly attached to internal surface of thoracic wall by endothoracic fascia

Question 56

Visceral pleura

Answer 56

part of lung