Thoracic Spine

Question 1

Where does T-spine sit?

Answer 1

T1 to T12

Question 2

What is connected to T-spine?

Answer 2

rib cage

Question 3

Superior facet

Answer 3

convex and posteriorly oriented

Question 4

Inferior facet

Answer 4

concave and face anteriorly

Question 5

Origins of facets in T-spine?

Answer 5

sagittal plane

Question 6

T1-T3

Answer 6

same level

Question 7

T4-6

Answer 7

half a level below

Question 8

T7-9

Answer 8

one level below

Question 9

T10

Answer 9

one level below

Question 10

T11

Answer 10

Half a level below

Question 11

T12

Answer 11

same level

Question 12

Upper Thoracic spine

Answer 12

Upper T1-2 (acts of lower C-spine)

Question 13

Mid thoracic spine

Answer 13

T3-9

fully functional spine

Question 14

Lower thoracic spine

Answer 14

T10-12

acts as lumbar

Question 15

Inferior angle of scapula

Answer 15

T7

Question 16

What are last 2 ribs?

Answer 16

false ribs

Question 17

What do ribs articulate with?

Answer 17

Vertebral body
Transverse process
sternum

Question 18

How do ribs rotate with flexion?

Answer 18

anteriorly and glide superiorly

Question 19

How do ribs rotate with extension?

Answer 19

posteriorly and glide inferiorly

Question 20

Ribs compress with:

Answer 20

ipsilateral side with side bending

Question 21

What discs have been found to have the most disease?

Answer 21

T6-T7

Question 22

Thoracic outlet syndrome

Answer 22

Often have impairments of the scalene, first rib and pec minor due to their location of the subclavian artery

Question 23

Thoracic flexion

Answer 23

20-45 degrees

Question 24

Thoracic extension

Answer 24

20-45 degrees

Question 25

Thoracic rotation

Answer 25

35-50

Question 26

Thoracic lateral bending

Answer 26

20-40

Question 27

How many degrees of thoracic extension is needed for arm elevation?

Answer 27

15 degrees

Question 28

Kyphotic-Lordotic Posture

Answer 28

``` Forward Head Cervical spine is hyper-extended Scapulae abducted Thoracic kyphosis Lumbar spine lordotic/extension Hips are flexed ```

Question 29

Flat Back Posture

Answer 29

Thoracic spine is flat Upper thoracic spine is flexed Upper cervical spine is extended Lumbar spine is flexed

Question 30

Sway Back Posture

Answer 30

Thoracic spine is in kyphosis/flexed position Lumbar spine is flat or flexed Pelvis posterior tilt Hips are extended

Question 31

Risk Factors for developing Thoracic Spine Pain

Answer 31

``` Concurrent musculoskeletal pain Growth/physical Lifestyle Backpack Postural problems Psychological Environmental factors ```

Question 32

Pneumothroax

Answer 32

Collapsed lunge – air leaks into the space between lung and chest wall Recent bout of coughing or strenuous exercise Decreased breath sounds Hyper –resonance on percussion Decreased breath sounds

Question 33

Cholecystitis

Answer 33

Inflammation of the gall bladder T7-T9 region of the body Right sided abdominal and interscapular pain Most common in middle aged women & women after pregnancy Symptoms worse w/ fatty foods

Question 34

Peptic Ulcer

Answer 34

Sores that develop in the inside of the stomach and esophagus or small intestine Burning, knowing Symptoms usually relieved when eating food

Question 35

Compression Fracture or Spinal Fracture

Answer 35

More common in those with osteoporosis Age > 70 years of age Long term corticosteroid use History of trauma

Question 36

Where is most common spinal fracture or compression?

Answer 36

T11-L1

Question 37

Clinical Prediction rule for spinal fracture?

Answer 37

Female > 70 years old Trauma (minor for elderly and major for younger person) Prolonged use of corticosteroids

Question 38

Where is the emphasis of movement in T-spine?

Answer 38

frontal plane

Question 39

Spine of scapular

Answer 39

T3/4

Question 40

Thoracic pain or dysfunction may arise from

Answer 40

``` Thoracic spine structures Cervical spine structures Thorax/Rib Cage Gastrointestinal system/organs Cardiopulmonary System Renal System ```

Question 41

Wells Criteria for PE

Answer 41

1. Signs and symptoms of DVT (pain with palpation & swelling) 2. PE more likely than other diagnosis 3. Pulse greater than 100 4. Previous hx of DVT or PE 5. Immobilization or surgery in last 4 weeks 6. Blood in urine 7. Hx of cancer in last 6 months