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Spinal Exam 2 > Thoracic Region > Flashcards

Thoracic Region Flashcards

1
Q

What features will allow discrimination between T2-T4 and T5-T8 segmental groups?
(4)

A

Vertebral body
Transverse Process
Articular Process
Spinous Process

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2
Q

What is the name given to the left side appearance of the vertebral body of T5-T8?

A

The aortic impression

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3
Q

What part of the vertebral body is most influent by the aorta at T5-T8?

A

The left side superior and inferior epiphyseal rims

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4
Q

What is the height pattern of a typical thoracic vertebral body?

A

The posterior height is greater than the anterior height by 1-2 millimeters

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5
Q

What is the height pattern of intervertebral discs in the typical thoracic region?

A

The intervertebral discs are patter planar or flat with no apparent height difference between anterior and posterior heights

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6
Q

What is the principal cause of the posterior curve of the thoracic spine?

A

The vertebral body height differences

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7
Q

In terms of the anterior-posterior curves of the vertebral column, what direction will the thoracic spine face

A

Posterior

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8
Q

What is another way of naming a posterior curve pattern?

A

Kyphotic Curve

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9
Q

What joint classifications are identified at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?
(3)

A

Fibrous (amphiarthrosis) Syndesmosis
Cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) Symphysis
Synovial Plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)

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10
Q

How many synovial joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

Four

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11
Q

How many symphysis joints are formed with the vertebral body of a thoracic spine?

A

Two

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12
Q

How many syndesmosis joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

Typically- FOUR

As many as eight if the cosocentral stellate/radiate ligaments are included

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13
Q

What is the name given to the joint formed between the vertebral body and rib?

A

Costocentral joint

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14
Q

What is the relationship between the vertebral body surface and the rib head surface in the costocentral joint of a typical thoracic?

A

The superior costal demi-facet of the vertebral body will joint the inferior articular surface of the head of the rib

The inferior costal demi-facet of the vertebral body will joint with the superior articular surface of the head of the rib

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15
Q

Which of the semi-facets on the vertebral body of a typical thoracic is larger?

A

The superior costal-demi facet

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16
Q

What ligaments support the cost-central joint?

A

The costocentral stellate/radiate ligament

The costocentral interarticular or intra-articular ligament

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17
Q

What does the costocentral intra-articular or interarticular ligament connect to?

A

The interarticular or intra-articular crest of the head of the rib and the intervertebral disk

18
Q

What is the size relationship between the articulating surface of the head of the rib and the costal demo-facet surface?

A

The rib surface is greater than the costal demi-facet surface

19
Q

Which muscle(s) is attached to the vertebral body of T2-T3?

A

The Longus Colli

20
Q

What is the position and direction of the pedicle from the typical thoracic vertebral body?

A

The pedicle arises from the upper third of the vertebral body and projects posterior and slightly laterally

21
Q

What is the angulation of the pedicle in the typical thoracic region?

A

Ten to fifteen degrees posterolateral from the sagittal plane

22
Q

Which X-ray view is used to see into the intervertebral foramen of a typical thoracic?

A

The lateral view

23
Q

Which vertebral notch or incisor is said to be prominent?

A

The inferior vertebral notch or inferior vertebral incisure

24
Q

What is overlap of the lamina called in the typical thoracic region?

A

Shingling

25
Q

What is the outline f the vertebral foramen in the typical thoracic region?

A

Oval to circular

26
Q

In which plane will the size of the vertebral foramen of a typical thoracic be greatest?

A

The transverse plane, the vertebral transverse diameter

27
Q

What is present on the transverse tubercle of a typical thoracic?

A

The transverse costal facet

28
Q

What are the osseous parts of the costotransverse joint?

A

The transverse costal facet

The articular surface of the tubercle of the rib

29
Q

What ligaments support the costotransverse joint of a typical thoracic?

A

The superior costotransverese, inferior costotransverse, and lateral costotransverse ligaments

30
Q

Which muscles may attach to the transverse process of a typical thoracic?
(12)

A 
Longissimus Thoracis
Longissimus Cervics
Lingissimus Capitis
Semispinalis Thoracis 
Semispinalis Cervics
Semispinalis Capitis
Multifidis 
Rotator Longus
Rotator Brevis
Intertransversarii
Levator Costarum Longus
Levator Costarum Brevis
31
Q

How many joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

Typically- TEN

Fourteen if the costocentral stellate/radiate ligaments are included

32
Q

How can you distinguish between a T2-T4 and a T5-T8 segment using the articular process?

A

T2-T4: The width between the superior articular processes is greater than the width between the inferior articular processes of that vertebra

T5-T8: The width between the superior articular processes is equal to or the same as the width between the inferior articular processes of that vertebra

33
Q

What is the angulation of the articular facet of a typical thoracic?

A

About ten to twenty degrees from the coronal plane; sixty degrees from the horizontal plane

34
Q

What is the orientation of the superior articular facet of a typical thoracic?

A

Backward, upward, and lateral (BUL)

35
Q

What is the orientation of the inferior articular facet of a typical thoracic?

A

Forward, downward, and medial (ForMeD)

36
Q

How many synovial joints are present at a typical thoracic?

A

Ten

37
Q

How many synovial joint surfaces for ribs are present on a typical thoracic?

A

Six

38
Q

What is the angulation of the spinous process in a typical thoracic region?

A

The undersurface of T2-T4 spinous processes will angle up to forty degrees from the horizontal plane

The undersurface of T5-T8 spinous processes will angle up to sixty degrees from the horizontal plane

39
Q

Which muscles may attach to the spinous processes of a typical thoracic?
(14)

A 
Trapezius
Latissimus Dorsi
Rhomboid Major
Serratus Posterior Superior
Splenius Cervicis
Splenius Capitis
Spinalis Thoracis
Spinalis Cervicis
Spinalis Capitis
Semispinalis Thoracis
Multifidis
Rotator Longus 
Rotator Brevis
Interspinalis
40
Q

What muscles are associated with the five muscle layers of the true back?

A

Layer 1- consists of the Trapezius and Latissimus Dorsi
Layer 2- consists of the Rhomboids and Levator Scapulae
Layer 3- consists of the Serratus Posterior
Layer 4- consists of the Erector Spinae
Layer 5- consists of the Tranversospinalis

Spinal Exam 2 (16 decks)

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