Thoracic Nerves, Arteries, Veins

Question 1

Phrenic nerve (C3-C5)

Answer 1

Diaphragm

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation to pericardium & central tendon, motor & postganglionic sympathetic innervation to diaphragm

Question 2

Dorsal primary ramus

Answer 2

Medial branch - sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation to back muscles and overlying skin, motor innervation of midline deep back muscles and facet joint

Lateral branch - sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation to back muscles & overlying skin, motor innervation of deep and superficial back muscles

Question 3

Ventral primary ramus

Answer 3

Intercostal n. (T1-T6) (upper)

Thoracoabdominal n. (T7-11) (lower)

Subcostal n. (T12)

Question 4

Intercostal nerve (T1-T6)

Answer 4

Upper intercostal muscles nerves

4 branches: Lateral cutaneous, Anterior cutaneous, Collateral, Intercostobrachial

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation to intercostal muscles, parietal pleura & skin; motor innervation of intercostal muscles

Question 5

Lateral cutaneous branch of Intercostal nerve

Answer 5

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation of skin overlying lateral aspect of intercostal space

Question 6

Anterior cutaneous branch of Intercostal nerve

Answer 6

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation of skin overlying anterior aspect of intercostal space

Question 7

Collateral branch branch of Intercostal nerve

Answer 7

redundant with remainder of nerve

Question 8

Intercostobrachial branch of Intercostal nerve

Answer 8

(T2 only) sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation of skin overlying proximal, medial aspect of arm

Question 9

Thoracoabdominal nerve (T7-11)

Answer 9

Lower intercostal muscle nerves

3 branches: Lateral cutaneous, Anterior cutaneous, Collateral

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation to intercostal muscles, anterior abdominal muscles, peripheral diaphragm, parietal pleura; motor innervation of intercostal muscles and muscles of anterior abdominal wall

Question 10

Subcostal nerve (T12)

Answer 10

Sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation to skin overlying lateral and anterior abdominal wall, muscles of anterior abdominal wall; motor innervation of muscles of anterior abdominal wall

Question 11

Vagus nerve (wandering)

Answer 11

Parasympathetic

carries preganglionic parasympathetic axons innervating thoracic and abdominal viscera to the level of the left colic flexure, and visceral sensory axons innervating the same

Left and Right Recurrent Laryngeal nerve

Vagal trunks (anterior & posterior)

Question 12

White rami communican (T1-L2)

Answer 12

Sympathetic

Carry preganglionic sympathetic axons to the sympathetic chain (ganglia), and abdominal ganglia, and sensory axons from the viscera to the spinal cord

Question 13

Gray rami communican (C1-S5)

Answer 13

Sympathetic

Carry postganglionic sympathetic axons from the sympathetic chain to the spinal nerves for distribution through the dorsal and ventral rami, and sensory axons from the viscera to the spinal cord

Question 14

3 Thoracic Nerve plexuses

Answer 14

Cardiac, Pulmonary, Aortic

Question 15

Cardiac plexus

Answer 15

Innervate the heart and coronary arteries

Question 16

Pulmonary plexus

Answer 16

Innervates pulmonary and bronchial arteries, trachea, and the bronchi

Question 17

Aortic plexus

Answer 17

Innervates the thoracic aorta and its branches

Question 18

Cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerve

Answer 18

Medial sympathetic nerve

Carry sensory and postganglionic sympathetic axons passing from the cervical and upper thoracic sympathetic ganglia to the cardiac and pulmonary plexuses

Question 19

Upper thoracic splanchnic nerve (T1-T5)

Answer 19

Medial sympathetic nerve

Carry sensory and postganglionic sympathetic axons passing from the upper thoracic sympathetic chain to the aortic plexus

Question 20

Greater splanchnic nerve (T5-T9)

Answer 20

Medial sympathetic nerve

Carries preganglionic sympathetic axons to the celiac ganglion and sensory axons from the viscera supplied by the celiac artery

Question 21

Lesser splanchnic (T10-T11)

Answer 21

Medial sympathetic nerve

Carries preganglionic sympathetic axons to the superior mesenteric ganglion and sensory axons from the viscera supplied by the superior mesenteric artery

Question 22

Least splanchnic nerve (T12)

Answer 22

Medial sympathetic nerve

Carries preganglionic sympathetic axons to the aorticorenal ganglion and sensory axons from the viscera supplied by the renal, suprarenal and gonadal arteries