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Anatomy > Thoracic Muscles > Flashcards

Thoracic Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What do cells make

A

extracellular matrix

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2
Q

Extracellular matrix

A

fills space between cells
makes bones and things

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3
Q

Tissue is made up of

A

cells and their ECM

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4
Q

organs are generally

A

self contained

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5
Q

Are bones a tissue or organ

A

could be argued either way

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6
Q

Ex of connective tissue

A

bone and cartilage
Blood and bone marrow

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7
Q

Purpose of CT

A

support and connect other tissue

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8
Q

What components make up the ECM of CT

A

fibers and ground substance

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9
Q

Fibers of CT ECM

A

Collagen (strength)
Elastic
Reticular (fine connection)

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10
Q

Ground fibers of CT ECM

A

Fluid (mostly) or solid (bones)
holds specific molecules (Ca or charged molecules)

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11
Q

superficial fascia

A

loose connective tissue

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12
Q

deep fascia

A

dense irregular connective tissue

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13
Q

tendons, aponeuroses, and ligaments

A

dense, regular CT

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14
Q

Dense CT ECM

A

more fibers then ground substance

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15
Q

Loose CT ECM

A

more ground substance than fibers

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16
Q

Irregular CT is less strong then regular CT (T/F)

A

false

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17
Q

aponeurosis

A

flat tendon

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18
Q

Skeletal muscle

A

striated
long and cylindrical
multinucleated (fused)

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19
Q

Skeletal muscle fibers extend the whole muscle length (T/F)

A

true
reduces communication time

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20
Q

Striations run…

A

perpendicular to the long axis of a fiber

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21
Q

striated muscles contract…

A

the long way
sarcomeres shrink

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22
Q

reticular CT surrounding muscle fibers

A

endomysium

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23
Q

Dense irregular CT surrounding fascicles

A

perimysium

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24
Q

dense irregular CT surrounding the entire muscle

A

epimysium
merges with deep fascia

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25
Q

Fibers merge into tendons (T/F)

A

true

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26
Q

What is the strongest part of a tendon

A

its attachment to bone or muscle
weak in the middle

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27
Q

What are tendons

A

dense regular CT (doesn’t contract)
attachers

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28
Q

What does tendons being viscoelastic mean

A

they resist shape change and bring the mechanism back to rest

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29
Q

Skeletal muscle is completely under voluntary control (T/F)

A

False, some sphincters are not

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30
Q

What type of muscle wrinkles the skin

A

cutaneous

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31
Q

Skeletal muscle main functions

A

move skeleton
maintain posture
stabilize joints

32
Q

Secondary actions of skeletal muscles

A

face and eye movement
respiration
straining and continence
twitching

33
Q

Strap muscles

A

Parallel fibers
high displacement
low strength

34
Q

pennate muscles

A

non parallel fibers
high strength
low displacement

35
Q

Spindle shaped skeletal muscle

A

diagonally arranged fibers
provides both movement and power

36
Q

muscle origin

A

least movable attachment

37
Q

muscle insertion

A

most moveable attachment

38
Q

agonists

A

most force generator
Primary mover

39
Q

Synergists

A

supports (same way) agonist movement

40
Q

antagonists

A

resist agonist movement/moves oppositely

41
Q

Neutralizers

A

cancel extra agonist motion
prevent movement in a undesired plane

42
Q

fixators

A

stabilize agonist origins for effective function

43
Q

Extrinsic muscle

A

connects axial to appendicular skeleton

44
Q

Intrinsic muscle

A

part of the appendage
doesn’t attach to axial section

45
Q

Synsarcosis

A

skeleton connection formed by only muscles
Cursorial shoulders

46
Q

Protraction of an appendage

A

draws limb cranially
muscles in front of appendage

47
Q

retraction of an appendage

A

draws limb caudally
muscles behind appendage

48
Q

Rotation of an appendage

A

caused by contraction of muscles in position

49
Q

Elevation of an appendage

A

draw limb dorsally
muscles above appendage

50
Q

Depression of an appendage

A

draws limb ventrally
muscles below appendage

51
Q

ABduction

A

lateral movement
Away from thorax

52
Q

ADuction

A

medial movement
towards thorax

53
Q

Internal/Medial rotation of shoulder

A

More pigeon toed
elbow out

54
Q

External/Lateral rotation or shoulder

A

less pigeon toed
elbow in

55
Q

pronation

56
Q

supination

57
Q

Deep fascia permits movement of the skin over underlying structures (T/F)

A

false
superficial fascia does

58
Q

Which fascia type contains adipose

A

superficial

59
Q

Superficial fascia blends with deep fascia which blends with epimysium (T/F)

60
Q

what attaches muscle to bone if a tendon or aponeurosis isn’t present

A

deep fascia

61
Q

cutaneous muscles

A

exist only in superficial fascia
no bony attachment

62
Q

What are the two cutaneous muscle of the thoracic appendage

A

Platysma (neck)
Cutaneous trunci (trunk)

63
Q

brachiocephalicus

A

compound muscle of cleidobrachialis and cleidocephalicus

64
Q

Flexion

A

decreases angle between bones

65
Q

extension

A

increases angle between bones

66
Q

Flexor surfaces

A

sides of the joint that determine flexion or extension
Acute angles

67
Q

Muscles that act as lateral collateral ligaments

A

supra and infraspinatus

68
Q

Muscles that act as medial collateral ligaments

A

subscapularis and coracobracialis

69
Q

cleidobrachialis

A

the clavicular part of deltoideus in animals with reduced clavicles

70
Q

carpal joint

A

all joints between antibrachial, carpal, and metacarpal bones

71
Q

carpus

A

carpal bones
carpal joint
in between antibrachium and metacarpus

72
Q

Movement of radius relative to the ulna

A

pronation and supination

73
Q

Supination bone movement

A

Distal radius moves to be cranial to distal ulna

74
Q

Pronation bone movement

A

Distal radius moves to be medial to distal ulna

75
Q

The head of the ulna rotates against a notch in the radius during pro and supination (T/F)

A

false
head of radius rotates in ulna notch

Anatomy (6 decks)

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