Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Bones > Flashcards

Bones Flashcards

1
Q

Bone function

A

Support body
Store minerals and fat
Produce blood cells
Protect organs
facilitate movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Types of bones

A

long
short
flat
irregular
sesamoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

long bones act as

A

Levers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Shaft of a long bone

A

Diaphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Head of a long bone

A

epiphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Metaphysis

A

in between Epiphysis and diaphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Physis/epiphyseal plate

A

Growth plate
in between Diaphysis and Epiphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Example of long bone

A

femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

example of flat bone

A

skull bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

example of irregular bone

A

vertebra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

example of a sesamoid bone

A

patella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is a sesamoid bone

A

an extra bone at a joint for muscle attachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Axial skeleton has…

A

the skull and spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Unpaired skull bones are…

A

on the midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

bones of the cranium are…

A

generally flat
for surrounding the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

bones of the face are…

A

Those that surround entry points

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Dermatocranium bones form from…

A

bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

chondrocranium bones form from…

A

Cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Brachycephalic skull type

A

short, wide head
Pug

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Mesaticephalic skull type

A

regular head shape
Dog

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Dolichocephalic skull type

A

long and narrow head
horse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Anatomical network analysis

A

which structure touches which
what is their relationship

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Cervical vertebrae

A

neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

thoracic vertebrae

A

chest
attach to ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Lumbar vertebrae

A

abdomen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Sacral vertebrae

A

pelvis often fused

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Caudal vertebrae

A

tail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What attaches the ribs to the sternum

A

cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

False ribs attach to the sternum (T/F)

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Is the sternum one bone

A

no
made up of sternebrae
May fuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Ungulates are more likely to have ossified sternabrae (T/F)

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What are the girdle bones

A

scapula and pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

what do girdle bones make up

A

the shoulder and hip
appendage attachement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

limbs include

A

all bones past the girdle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

what is the difference between an appendage and a limb

A

an appendage has a girdle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Cursorial mammals

A

Designed to run

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What are adaptations of cursorial mammals

A

reduced clavicle
elongated distal limb bones
digitigrade or unguligrade posture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What happens to the number of limb bones of cursorial animals

A

they are reduced
Fused or absent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Brachium

A

arm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

antebrachium

A

forearm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

manus

A

carpal joint and anything distal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What separates the brachium and antebracium

A

the elbow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Where to start numbering digits

A

medially

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Which digits are mostly weight bearing

A

3 and 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Do cursorial mammals have clavicals

A

no
they lack bony attachment of the thoracic appendage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What helps cursorial mammals increase their stride length

A

elongated bones and unguligrade posture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Why do cursorial mammals have a reduced number of limb bones (1)

A

to reduce the limb weight
increase stride turnover

48
Q

Why do cursorial mammals have a reduced number of limb bones (2)

A

increases stability by reducing the number of rotation points (joints)

49
Q

crus

A

the leg below the knee

50
Q

stiffle

A

the leg below the knee

51
Q

pes

A

tarsus and anything distally

52
Q

Hook

A

coxal tuber

53
Q

pin

A

ischial tuber

54
Q

Fetlock joint

A

between metacarpals and phalanges

55
Q

coffin joint

A

in between middle phalanx and coffin bones

56
Q

distal sesamoid bones

A

only one
called a navicular bone
not present in carnivores (cartilaginous)

57
Q

Do dongs have an interparietal bone

A

no
they have an interparietal process of the occipital bone

58
Q

does the frontal bone attach to the zygomatic arch directly in cats and dogs

A

no

59
Q

Does the frontal bone attach to the zygomatic arch in ungulates

A

yes

60
Q

what attaches the frontal bone to the zygomatic arch in cats and dogs

A

the orbital ligament
Ossified in cats

61
Q

Foramen magnum

A

opening in the occipital bone for the medulla oblongata

62
Q

occipital condyles

A

bumps off the occipital bone
Articulating surfaces for the atlas

63
Q

Are the parietal and interparietal bones separate in Ox

A

yes, but they don’t look separate

64
Q

Lambdoid sutures

A

separate the parietal bones from the interparietal and occipital bones

65
Q

which suture separates the occipital and interparietal bones

A

the occipitointerparietal suture

66
Q

Mandibular fossa

A

articulation surface for the condylar process of the mandible
Temporomandibular joint

67
Q

nasal septum

A

bony and cartilaginous division of the nasal cavities

68
Q

nasal conchae

A

bone scrolls in nasal cavities

69
Q

Turbinates

A

nasal conchae
turbulence, acclimatization, and smell

70
Q

What bones make up the bony nasal septum

A

nasal bone (dorsal)
ethmoid bone (caudal)
vomer (ventral)

71
Q

Paranasal sinus

A

air-filled cavity communicating with nasal cavity

72
Q

Most extensive paranasal sinus in ox

A

frontal

73
Q

Median septum

A

divides frontal sinuses (L and R)

74
Q

Oblique transverse septum

A

divides rostral and caudal frontal sinuses

75
Q

Diverticula

A

3 per caudal frontal sinus
passages to other sinuses

76
Q

lamellae

A

bone plate projections into the frontal sinus

77
Q

Maxillary recess

A

communicates with nasal cavity
not a paranasal sinus

78
Q

ethmoturbinates

A

projections of the ethmoid bone
nasal conchae

79
Q

cribriform plate

A

ethmoid bone
separates nasal and cranial cavities
olfactory nerve passages

80
Q

crista galli

A

ethmoid bone
meninges attachment
middle of cribriform plate

81
Q

Mandibles are made up of

A

body
angle
ramus

82
Q

Condylar process

A

mandibular fossa connection
jaw movement

83
Q

coronoid process

A

muscle attachment in the zygomatic arch

84
Q

Caudal articular process

A

vertebrae
smaller

85
Q

cranial articular process

A

vertebrae
bigger

86
Q

vertebral foramen

A

hole for spinal cord

87
Q

dorsal part of vertebral arch

A

lamina

88
Q

ventral part of vertebral arch

A

pedicle

89
Q

external acoustic meatus

A

opening for auditory canal

90
Q

Angular process

A

extra process of the mouse mandible

91
Q

carpus

A

wrist
need: accessory carpal bone

92
Q

accessory carpal bone

A

muscle attachment

93
Q

proximal sesamoid bones

A

two per digit
at metacarpophalangeal joint

94
Q

Proximal and distal sesamoid bones are only found on the front limb (T/F)

A

False, both

95
Q

Proximal phalage

A

P1
long pastern

96
Q

Middle phalange

A

P2
short pastern

97
Q

Distal phalange

A

P3
coffin bone

98
Q

pastern joint

A

b/ P1 and P2

99
Q

coffin joint

A

b/ P2 and P3

100
Q

Distal interphalangeal joint

A

b/w P2 and P3

100
Q

proximal interphalangeal joint

A

b/ P1 and P2

101
Q

Buttons

A

reminants of fused metacarpals
splint bone terminations

102
Q

Ox digits

A

III and IV with 3 P
II and V strictly external (dew claws)

103
Q

Ox metacarpals/metatarsals

A

I and II absent
III and IV fused
V small or absent

104
Q

Horse digits

A

III with 3 P

105
Q

Horse metacarpals/metatarsals

A

III robust
II and IV are splint bones

106
Q

numbering digits

A

medial to lateral
proximal to distal

107
Q

tarsus

A

ankle or Hock
need: calcaneus

108
Q

coxal tuber in ox and horse

A

lateral to sacral tuber on same dorsal plane

109
Q

coxal tuber on horse and swine

A

ventral to sacral tuber on same sagittal plane

110
Q

How does the hindlimb transfer so much force

A

bony linkage (have a pelvic girdle)

111
Q

fibula in ruminants

A

fused to tibia

112
Q

Ruminant fibula not fused to tibia at…

A

distalmost part
malleolar bone

113
Q

Horse fibula

A

significantly reduced proximally
fused distally

114
Q

Crus

A

middle hindlimb segment
tibia and fibula
Shank

Anatomy (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions