Thoracic anatomy Flashcards
What are the main bones of the thoracic skeleton?
The thoracic skeleton consists of the ribs, sternum, and thoracic vertebrae. Key bony landmarks include the manubrium, xiphoid process, and costal cartilages.
Name the major muscles of the thoracic wall and their attachments.
The major muscles include the intercostal muscles, which attach between the ribs, the pectoralis major (attaching to the sternum, clavicle, and humerus), and the diaphragm, which attaches to the lower ribs, xiphoid process, and lumbar vertebrae.
What is the neurovascular supply of the thoracic wall?
The thoracic wall is supplied by the intercostal nerves, intercostal arteries, and intercostal veins, which run along the inferior border of each rib in the costal groove.
How does the structure of the thoracic wall contribute to ventilation?
The ribcage expands and contracts during breathing, allowing the lungs to fill with air. The intercostal muscles assist in elevating the ribs during inspiration, and the diaphragm contracts downward, increasing thoracic volume.
