thoracic

Question 1

tension pneumothorax

Answer 1

respiratory distress
dyspnea
cyanosis
altered mental states(hypoxia+hypercapnia)

signs of shock (decreased BP)
decreased/absent breath sounds
tracheal deviation away from affected side(ominous and late)
JV distension

Question 2

massive hemothorax

Answer 2

blunt/trauma/lung cancer/ leaking AV malformation

hypovolemic shock - altered mental status, decreased BP, delayed capillary refill, pale, cold, clammy,
decreased/absent breath sound

midline trachea. JV flat.

Question 3

open pneumothorax

Answer 3

respiratory distress
tachypnea
grunting as air enters
shock

Question 4

pericardial tamponade

Answer 4

(normally contains 20/50ml blood)- 150/200ml=fatal. can hold up to 2L IF SLOW.

Altered mental status,
cool, clammy skin, tachy, falling BP

becks triad= JVD, diminished/muffled heart sounds, decreased BP