Thoracic Flashcards
Supraclavicular LN station
Station 1 - above sternal notch
Superior mediastinal LN station
2 - upper paratracheal
3 - retrotracheal
4 - lower paratracheal
Right and Left
Aortic LN station
5 - subaortic (AP window)
6 - para-aortic
Inferior mediastinal LN station
7 - subcarinal
8 - Paraesophageal below carina
9 - pulm ligament
N1 LN station
10 - hilar
11 - interlobar
12 - lobar
13 - segmental
14 - subsegmental
Type 1 pneumocytes
Gas exchange (95% of surface area)
Type 2 pneumocytes
Surfactant production (60% of total cells)
Definition of SPN
Single lesion under 3cm, only 10% malignant unless over 50 y/o
Lung cancer presentation
Persistent cough #1; hemoptysis, dyspnea
Small cell lung cancer paraneoplastic syndromes
Cushing’s (ACTH) most common
SIADH
Squamous cell lung cancer paraneoplastic syndromes
PTH most commonly
Lung cancer and extrapulmonary syndromes
Pancoast tumor (apical) w/ Horner’s (ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis) and brachial plexus
SVC syndrome w/ dyspnea, headache and swelling
Lung cancer screening recommendations
Age 55-79
Over 20 pack year history
Quit within last 15 years
Tracheal blood supply
inferior thyroid, subclavian, supreme intercostal, internal thoracic, innominate, and superior and middle bronchial arteries
Tracheal stenosis management
Bronchoscopy
Resection if benign, up to 50% of trachea
Tracheal replacement (one day)
