Third Trimester Flashcards
causes of IUGR
maternal HTN, cigarette smoking, placental insufficiency, chromosomal abnormalities, and uterine infection
placental insufficiency is the most common cause of IUGR
1. symmetrical
2. asymmetrical
placenta previa may result in what fetal position
transverse fetal lie in 3rd trimester
the role of the amniotic fluid
protect fetus allow free mobility allows symmetrical growth maintain temp. prevent adherence of amnion to fetus allows lung maturity
maternal HTN
increases the risk of IUGR
systolic pressure: >140 mmHg
diastolic pressure: >90 mmHg
role of the placenta
store proteins, calcium, iron, and carbs for fetal nutrition
IUGR
fetal weight at or below 10th percentile
may be a cause of HTN
preeclampsia
pregnancy induced HTM
precursor to eclampsia
macrosomia
birth weight >4000 grams
fetal weight >90th percentile
caused by maternal obesity and diabetes
maternal diabetes
can result in macrosomia and polyhydramnios and placentomegaly
(uncontrolled diabetes may also cause IUGR)
dolicocephalic
elongated, oval fetal head shape
result of breech presentation
placenta previa
the placenta is covering the internal cervical os
most common cause of painless vaginal bleeding during 3rd trimester
precursor to placenta accreta
multicystic dysplastic kidney disease
multiple cysts replace normal renal tissue throughout the kidney, causing renal obstruction
UNILATERAL disease
footling (incomplete) breech
one or both feet are the presenting part
carries the greatest risk for cord prolapse
complete breech
knees are bent with the feet down near the butt
knees are presenting part
frank breech
feet up by head
butt is presenting part
