Thinking Lecture Flashcards
What is cognition?
focus on the mental activities associated with thinking knowing remembering and communication information
What is metacognition?
cognition about cognition; thinking about thinking
What is a concept?
mental groupings of similar objects events, ideas, or people
What is a prototype?
a mental image or best example of a category
What is trail and error?
multiple different attempts until successful outcome is achieved
What is an aha moment?
Insight
What is a heuristic?
simpler thinking strategies/mental shortcuts
What is seeking information that confirms our beliefs and ignores contrary information?
Confirmation bias
What is intuition?
fast, automatic, unreasoned feelings and thoughts, also known as a gut feeling.
What is the availability heuristic?
estimate how common an event is based on its mental availability. Vividness can make it seem more common
What is the representativeness heuristic?
judging the likelihood of something by comparing it to a prototype
What are factors that exaggerate unlikely events?
Dramatic outcomes make us gasp; probabilities we hardly grasp
We over feel and under think
How does overconfidence impact our lives?
Tendency to overestimate the accuracy of our knowledge and judgement
Tend to live a happier life and make decisions more easily.
What is the planning fallacy?
overestimating future leisure time and income
How does the planning fallacy affect students?
Students expect to finish assignments ahead of schedule and usually take twice as long as predicted
